论刑事诉讼中的算法推论及其规制  

On Algorithmic Inference in Criminal Proceedings and Its Regulation

作　　者：裴炜[1] PEI Wei(Law School,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期107-115,共9页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金青年学术带头人项目“刑事诉讼数字合规困境成因及其化解”(21DTR016)。

摘　　要：刑事诉讼中的算法运用主要集中在以推论支撑公安、司法机关决策方面,这与当前相关立法关注的算法决策存在差异。算法推论一方面因其损害结果的非显性和推论过程的不透明性而面临规制障碍,但另一方面又会产生实际的权益损害风险,尤为典型地体现在与平等保护原则的冲突对公民社会生活稳定性的干扰。基于国家刑罚权的严厉性及刑事诉讼活动的高强制性,有必要基于正当程序要求对算法推论进行规制。同时,正当程序不应当仅停留在形式层面,也需要推进算法推论应用中的实质正当程序建设,从整体宏观的系统层面和具体微观的个案层面,充分保障相对人获得合理推论的权利。In criminal justice system,instead of making automated decisions,which is at the center of the relevant algo-rithmic regulations,algorithms are mainly applied to support judicial decisions by profiling and drawing inferences.The harms caused by algorithm inferences are normally intangible and the inferring process is highly opaque,both of which increase the regulation difficulty.However,the use of algorithm inferences is not only in tension with the prin-ciple of equal protection,but also highly intrusive against the private life of people.Given the severity of the state pe-nal power and the compulsory nature of criminal justice measures,and considering the urgent need to safeguard rele-vant rights and interests of citizens,it is necessary to regulate algorithm inference and its application in criminal pro-ceedings in accordance with procedural as well as substantial due process requirements.

关 键 词：算法推论 辅助决策 合理推论权 实质正当程序 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]