教育、培训与农民工收入增长、收入差距——社会资本转换视角下的再考察  

Education,Vocational Training,Migrant Workers’Income Growth and the Income Gap:Reexamination from the Perspective of Social Capital Transformation

作　　者：栾江[1] Jiang Luan(The Party School of CPC Tianjin Municipal Committee,Tianjin 300191)

机构地区：[1]中共天津市委党校经济学教研部,天津300191

出　　处：《教育与经济》2022年第5期39-49,共11页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“基于生态工程参与的贫困人口创业驱动机理与实现路径研究”(18BGL052);全国党校系统重点调研课题“乡村振兴背景下新型农村集体经济组织有效治理困境与对策研究”(2022DXXTZDDYKT005)。

摘　　要：基于劳动力市场理论和社会资本理论,构建了一个包含社会资本结构性转换的教育、培训对农民工收入影响机制的研究框架。使用2019年全国五省农民工调研数据和无条件分位回归等方法进行实证检验,结果表明:(1)教育在促进农民工收入增长的同时也扩大了群体内部的收入差距,职业培训状况的改善能够缩小中-高收入群体间的收入差距。(2)农民工的社会资本结构从原始型向新型转换,能够有效促进农民工教育和培训回报率的提高。(3)新型社会资本扩大了总体收入差距,扩大了低-中-高收入群体间教育回报率差距,扩大了低收入与中、高收入群体间培训回报率的差距,缩小了中-高收入群体间培训回报率的差距。研究结论对于在“以人为核心”的新型城镇化背景下,推进农民工社会资本转换,强化教育、培训在优化收入分配中的作用具有一定的政策启示意义。Based on labor market theory and social capital theory,this paper constructs a research framework of the influence mechanism of education,training and migrant workers’income including the structural transformation of social capital.Using the survey data of migrant workers in five provinces of China and the methods of conditional quantile regression and unconditional quantile regression,the empirical tests show that education not only promotes the income growth of migrant workers,but also widens the income gap within the group,and the improvement of vocational training can narrow the income gap between middle and high income groups.The transformation of migrant workers’social capital structure from rural to urban can promote the improvement of the rate of return on education and training of migrant workers on average,but through the differential impacts on the rate of return on education by different income groups,it expands the overall income gap.Through the differential influence on the return rate of vocational training among different income groups,the income gap between low and middle to high income groups is widened,and the income gap between high and middle income groups is narrowed.The conclusion is that strengthening education and training can promote the income growth of migrant workers and optimize the income distribution by promoting the transformation of migrant workers’social capital.

关 键 词：农民工收入 教育 职业培训 社会资本转换 无条件分位回归 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]