义务教育财政资助经费的波动特征及政策导向  

Fluctuation Features and Policy Orientation of Government Financial Support for Students in Compulsory Education

作　　者：曲绍卫[1] 周哲宇[1] 李朝晖 Shaowei Qu;Zheyu Zhou;Zhaohui Li(Institute of Education Economics and Management,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学教育经济与管理研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《教育与经济》2022年第5期74-80,共7页Education & Economy

摘　　要：后扶贫时代教育扶贫工作的逻辑起点是更高质量和更深层次的教育公平,教育财政资助应然承担起资源筹集和优化配置的重要责任。通过选取2013-2020年义务教育财政资助经费的时序数据,分析国民生产总值、教育经费、义务教育经费和义务教育财政资助经费的波动关系以及各级政府间和区域间的分担比率,研究发现,义务教育财政资助经费“增减交替”特征明显,资助范围扩大和生均资助水平降低并存,区域间财政资助经费分配差异显著,中央政府与地方财政资助经费分担比例各占50%左右。针对义务教育财政资助所面临的问题和挑战,并结合“乡村振兴战略”和“打好精准脱贫攻坚战”的衔接需要,提出后扶贫时代义务教育学生资助的政策性建议。The logical starting point of education poverty alleviation in the post-poverty alleviation era is higher quality and deeper education equity,and education financial support should assume the important responsibility of resource mobilization and optimal allocation.By selecting the time series data of compulsory education financial funding from 2013 to 2020,and analyzing the fluctuation relationships between gross national product,education expenditure,compulsory education funding and compulsory education financial aid funding,as well as the sharing ratio between governments at all levels and regions,it is found that the characteristics of“alternating increase and decrease”of compulsory education financial aid are obvious,the expansion of funding scope and the decrease in the level of per-student aid coexist,the difference in the distribution of financial aid among regions is significant,and the proportion of central government and local financial aid accounts for 50%each.In view of the problems and challenges faced by compulsory education financial support,combined with the connection needs of the“rural revitalization strategy”and“fighting a precise poverty alleviation battle”,the research puts forward policy suggestions on the funding of compulsory education students in the post-poverty alleviation era.

关 键 词：义务教育财政资助 波动特征 政策导向 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]