先验偶然性与嵌套问题--对查尔默斯解决方案的辩护  

The Contingent A Priori and Nesting Problem:A Justification for Chalmers’Solution

作　　者：陈敬坤[1] CHEN Jing-kun(School of Philosophy and Sociology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学哲学社会学学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《河北学刊》2022年第6期37-46,共10页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“当代逻辑哲学重大前沿问题研究”(17ZDA024);2021年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“当代泛心论与心智的构成性问题研究”(21BZX099)。

摘　　要：认知二维语义遭遇的嵌套问题实际上源于先验偶然真理本身造成的困惑,因为关于先验概念的模态解释会导致一个假命题在某个可能世界中是先验的。查尔默斯和雷本修正了先验性的定义,认为先验命题除了必须具有必然的认知内涵,还要满足活性约束条件,他们还为先验表达式提供了一套二维真值条件分析。这种非模态解释遭到一些质疑,齐普、波勒等认为,活性语义学的二维真值条件并不总是与非模态解释相匹配,而且导致先验性概念变得琐碎脆弱。本文要论证的是,这些质疑并不能对活性约束条件本身构成实质性的威胁。The nesting problem for epistemic two-dimensional semantics essentially stems from the puzzle on the contingent a priori.The modal account of apriority will bring the effect that a false proposition may be a priori in a world.Chalmers and Rabern revise the core thesis of epistemic twodimensionalism,which defines the apriority as epistemic necessity.They propose adding an additional constriction called“the liveness constraint”on the original definition,and then give a two-dimensional truth-conditions analysis for a priori expressions.Kipper and Poller questioned their nonmodal account.Kipper and Poller note that the liveness semantics and the conclusive justification understanding do not fit together all that well,and another problem is that it will turns apriority to be trivial and fragile.This paper will argue that the current criticism will not be a serious threaten to the liveness constraint.

关 键 词：先验 偶然性 二维语义学 嵌套问题 活性约束条件 

分 类 号：B81-0[哲学宗教—逻辑学]