北京鸭、连城白鸭及其杂交F_(5)资源群体骨骼肌发育差异的研究  

Differences in skeletal muscle development among Peking ducks,Liancheng white ducks and their hybrid F_(5)populations

作　　者：李东锋[1] 葛建雅 王浩彬 何宗亮 金通 于敏莉[1] LI Dongfeng;GE Jianya;WANG Haobin;HE Zongliang;JIN Tong;YU Minli(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Nanjing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Poultry Science,Nanjing 210036,China;Huai’an Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University,Huai’an 223005,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095 [2]南京市畜牧家禽科学研究所,江苏南京210036 [3]南京农业大学淮安研究院,江苏淮安223005

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2022年第6期1235-1245,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYZ201724);畜禽江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(核心种源攻关项目)(JBGS〔2021〕112)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究以北京鸭、连城白鸭和杂交F_(5)资源群体(北京鸭♂×连城白鸭♀杂交第5个世代)胸肌和腿肌为研究对象,分析不同品种鸭骨骼肌的发育规律及品种差异,探究基因组DNA甲基化水平变化对骨骼肌发育的影响。[方法]通过HE染色,比较胚胎期骨骼肌生长发育关键时间点(E14、E21、E28)和上市日龄(7周龄,7W)鸭骨骼肌肌纤维的表型特征;分析成肌发育和DNA甲基化调控相关基因的表达差异;DNA dot blot检测骨骼肌中5-羟甲基胞嘧啶(5hmC)水平。[结果]在胚胎期,北京鸭的胸肌重和腿肌重均显著高于连城白鸭和F_(5)资源群体。HE染色结果显示,胚胎期北京鸭肌细胞核密度最高(P<0.05);7W北京鸭肌肉组织的肌纤维横截面积和肌纤维直径显著高于F_(5)资源群体,而肌纤维密度显著低于F_(5)资源群体。在胚胎期,成肌发育相关基因在F_(5)资源群体胸肌中表达水平较高,而腿肌中则偏低;7W时,F_(5)资源群体肌肉组织中Myf5、Mrf4、MyoG和MyHC的表达水平均显著高于北京鸭(P<0.05)。在E21时,3个品种鸭的胸肌、腿肌组织中全基因组5hmC水平最高,表明处于去甲基化的高峰期。Tet2基因在胚胎期和7周龄F_(5)资源群体骨骼肌中均有较高表达水平;Dnmt1、Dnmt3a、Tet1和Tet3在7周龄北京鸭肌肉组织中的表达水平较高(P<0.05)。[结论]胚胎期肌纤维特性在品种间表现出显著差异,并影响成体肌肉形成。基因组DNA甲基化水平的差异影响肌肉发育相关基因的表达,导致不同品种鸭之间的肌肉发育差异。[Objectives]In the present study,the pectoral and leg muscles of Peking ducks,Liancheng white ducks and F_(5)resource populations(Peking ducks♂×Liancheng white ducks♀,the fifth generation of hybrids)were selected as the research objects.To preliminarily clarify the development rules and breed characteristics of skeletal muscles in different duck breeds,this study focused on the effects of genomic DNA methylation levels on skeletal muscle development.[Methods]The differences of myofibers were compared in the embryonic periods(E14,E21 and E28)and 7 weeks old(7W)ducks by HE staining.The expression level of genes related to skeletal muscle development and methylation regulatory genes(Dnmts family and Tets family)was measured.The change of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5hmC)levels was analyzed by DNA dot blot.[Results]During the embryonic stages,the weight of pectoral and leg muscles of Peking ducks were significantly heavier than those of Liancheng white ducks and F_(5)resource populations,and F_(5)resource populations were between them.The results of HE staining showed that the nuclear density of skeletal muscles in Peking ducks was significantly higher than those in Liancheng white ducks and F_(5)resource populations.At 7W,the cross-sectional area(CSA)and fiber diameter(MFD)of muscles in Peking ducks were higher than those of F_(5)resource populations.The number of muscle fibers per unit area(MFN)of Peking ducks was lower than that of F_(5)resource populations.The mRNA expression level of myogenic related genes in pectoral muscle were higher than those in leg muscles.At 7W,the mRNA expression of Myf5,Mrf4,MyoG and MyHC in F_(5)resource populations was significantly higher than those in Peking ducks.At E21,the level of 5hmC in the pectoral and leg muscles of three ducks was the highest,indicating that E21 was an important period for the whole genome demethylation of the skeletal muscles in ducks.Tet2 gene level was highly expressed in skeletal muscles of both Peking ducks and F_(5)resource populations at 7W.The expre

关 键 词：鸭 骨骼肌 肌纤维特性 生肌调节因子 甲基化 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]