不同规格野生刀额新对虾肌肉营养成分分析  

Analysis of Nutritional Compositions in Muscle of Wild Sword Prawn Metapenaeus ensis with Different Sizes

作　　者：冀德伟[1] 闫茂仓[1] 胡利华[1] 陈琛[1] 张敏[1] JI Dewei;YAN Maocang;HU Lihua;CHEN Chen;ZHANG Min(Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-Resource,Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute,Wenzhou 325005,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,温州市海洋生物遗传育种重点实验室,浙江温州325005

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第6期1045-1051,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项(2016C02055-5);温州市农业新品种选育协作组项目(2019ZX002-01).

摘　　要：为探明野生刀额新对虾的肌肉营养成分,自饶平海区捕捞(29.45±3.85)g、(8.01±1.11)g和(3.06±0.41)g 3种规格的野生刀额新对虾,测定和分析野生刀额新对虾肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。试验结果显示,水分和粗脂肪与体质量负相关,粗蛋白、支链氨基酸与芳香族氨基酸比值、变异系数均与体质量正相关。必需氨基酸评分随体质量增加先升后降,其中(8.01±1.11)g组的必需氨基酸评分最高(73.70)。23种脂肪酸中,检出丰度最高的是二十二碳六烯酸、花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸,其中(29.45±3.85)g组的花生四烯酸显著最高,二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸显著最低,而血栓形成指数显著最高。分析表明,野生刀额新对虾的肌肉粗蛋白含量较高,虾味氨基酸尤为突出,支链氨基酸与芳香族氨基酸比值较高,有护肝保健的作用,必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量较低,必需氨基酸指数评价较高,但组成不够均衡;粗脂肪含量适中,其中花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量大幅优于其他虾类,致动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数较低,具有降血脂、抑制血栓形成的作用,脂肪酸评价较高。In this study,in order to understand the nutrient composition in muscle of wild sword prawn Metapenaeus ensis from Raoping sea area,the nutrient contents,amino acid and fatty acid composition were determined and comparatively analyzed among different sizes of sword prawn[large size(29.45±3.85)g,middle size(8.01±1.11)g and small size(3.06±0.41)g].The results showed that the contents of water and crude fat were negative correlated with body weight;while the content of crude protein,branched-chain amino acids/aromatic amino acids ratio and coefficient of variation were positively correlated with body weight(P<0.05).The essential amino acid score was highest in middle size group(73.70)(P<0.05);DHA,C20:4(n-6)and EPA were the most abundant among 23 fatty acids,the content of C20:4(n-6)was highest in large size group while the contents of EPA and DHA were lowest in this group(P<0.05),and the index of thrombogenicity was highest in large size group.The crude protein content was relatively high in sword prawn and the percentage of shrimp flavor amino acids was extremely high.The ratio of branched-chain amino acid to aromatic amino acid which indicated health care effect was high.The essential amino acid score was relatively high while the component was not in balance,the percentages of essential amino acids and delicious amino acids were relatively lower.The content of crude fatty was moderate,the DHA,C20:4(n-6)and EPA which are good for reducing blood lipid and inhibiting thrombosis were significantly higher in sword prawn than in other species of shrimp,index of atherogenicity and index of thrombogenicity were relatively low and the fatty acid evaluation was high.

关 键 词：野生刀额新对虾 不同规格 肌肉 营养成分 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]