碎软煤层顺层自动钻机的研制及应用  

Development and application of automatic drilling rig for bedding in broken soft coal seam

作　　者：辛德忠 唐敏[1,2] 刘小华 XIN Dezhong;TANG Min;LIU Xiaohua(CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute,Chongqing 400039,China;State Key Laboratory of the Gas Disaster Detecting,Preventing and Emergency Controlling,Chongqing 400037,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400039 [2]瓦斯灾害监控与应急技术国家重点实验室,重庆400037

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2022年第5期24-28,33,共6页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

摘　　要：为解决常规钻机在碎软煤层顺层钻孔中存在的钻孔深度浅、易卡钻、施工扇形孔姿态调整困难等难题,研制了碎软煤层顺层自动钻机。介绍了该钻机的总体结构、参数和液压系统;分析了高转速钻进工况下,影响接卸扣可靠性的关键因素,研究了动力头马达排量自适应调节技术;研究了矩阵式大容量钻杆箱及基于路径规划的双机械手协同送杆技术;分析了影响卡钻的主要因素,形成了自适应防卡钻技术;针对顺层钻孔中扇形布孔的特点,研制了悬置式旋转提升机构。通过现场试验得出:该钻机结构合理、运行可靠,与相关钻具配合,在碎软煤层实施自动化钻孔时,钻孔深度可提升1倍以上。研究成果可为相关煤矿用自动钻机的设计及碎软煤层钻孔施工提供参考。In order to solve the problems existing in the conventional rig for bedding drilling in broken soft coal seam,such as shallow drilling depth,easy sticking,difficulty in adjusting the posture of construction fan-shaped hole,an automatic drilling rig for bedding of broken soft coal seam was developed.In this paper,the overall structure,parameters and hydraulic system of the drilling rig were introduced;the key factors affecting the reliability of shackle under high-speed drilling conditions were analyzed,and the self-adaptive adjustment technology of the motor displacement of the power head was studied;matrix drill rod box with large capacity and collaborative rod delivery technology of dual manipulators based on path planning were studied;the main factors affecting sticking were analyzed,and the adaptive anti-sticking technology was developed;according to the characteristics of fan-shaped hole distribution for bedding drilling,a suspended rotary lifting mechanism was developed.Field tests show that the drilling rig has a reasonable structure,reliable operation,and cooperates with relevant drilling tool.When the automatic drilling is carried out in the broken soft coal seam,the drilling depth can be increased by more than one time.The research results are expected to provide a reference for the design of automatic drilling rigs for related coal mines and the drilling construction of broken soft coal seams.

关 键 词：碎软煤层 顺层钻孔 自动钻机 机械手 钻杆箱 大容量 

分 类 号：TD41[矿业工程—矿山机电]