被动采样技术在水环境暴露监测评估中的应用与挑战  

Passive Sampling in Aquatic Exposure Assessment:Applications and Challenges

作　　者：蒋沛瑀 许宜平[1] 马梅[1,3] 王子健 Jiang Peiyu;Xu Yiping;Ma Mei;Wang Zijian(CAS Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第4期59-71,共13页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52030003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41977208)。

摘　　要：被动采样技术是顺应监测需求发展起来的新技术,凭借其污染物检出限低、提供时间加权平均浓度、模拟生物采样、节约成本、便于布设和适用范围广等优势,已经在各类水体环境中得到了广泛应用。本文综述了被动采样技术的基本原理、主要采样器类型、主要应用场景,着重讨论了被动采样在浓度波动情形下的应用以及相应的影响因素。被动采样在洪水、排污等污染事件的监测中有着诸多应用优势,但是复杂的浓度波动事件特征和环境基质影响带来一系列应用挑战有待解决,需要合理评估并提高被动采样在污染事件中的性能。此外,被动采样与非靶向分析、废水流行病学等其他方法的联用进一步拓宽其在水环境暴露评估中的应用途径和发展前景。Passive sampling is a technology that may help to address the challenges on environment monitoring,as it can provide a time-integrated sample with low detection limits,low cost and simplified process.Various types of passive samplers are used in a wide range of sampling environments.This paper reviews the fundamental theory and modeling on passive sampling,main types of passive sampling devices(PSDs)and their various application scenarios.Furthermore,the review pays much attention to the role of passive sampling approach in monitoring time-weighted average(TWA)concentrations for concentration fluctuating scenarios,and also summarizes the major influence factors on uncertainty of TWA concentration estimation.Passive sampling has lots of advantages in the monitoring of pollution events such as floods and sewage discharge,but complex fluctuating scenarios and environmental matrix effects brings a series of challenges to be solved,and it is necessary to evaluate and improve the performance of passive sampling in such events.The combination of passive sampling with non-target analysis,wastewater-based epidemiology and other innovative approaches has further broadened its application and shown new developmental perspectives.

关 键 词：被动采样 时间加权平均浓度 浓度波动 水污染事件 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]