不同碳链长度离子液体对模式植物拟南芥和小麦的光合致毒效应  

Photosynthetic Toxicity of Ionic Liquids with Varying Alkyl Chains to Model Plants Arabidopsis and Wheat

作　　者：奚豪 李哲[1] 方治国[1] 刘惠君[1] Xi Hao;Li Zhe;Fang Zhiguo;Liu Huijun(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第4期426-432,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42177265,21377115);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY18B070002);浙江工商大学研究生科研创新基金项目(19020160015)。

摘　　要：离子液体(ionic liquids,ILs)作为传统有机溶剂的替代品,其环境残留存在潜在生态风险。本文研究了咪唑硝酸盐ILs([C_(6)mim]NO_(3)、[C_(8)mim]NO_(3)和[C_(12)mim]NO_(3))对拟南芥和小麦幼苗的生长影响,从表型、叶质量、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数等方面比较了3种不同碳链长度ILs的毒性差异以及不同植物的响应效应。结果表明,3种ILs对拟南芥幼苗和小麦生长均有抑制作用且随碳链长度增加毒性增加,叶绿素含量随ILs浓度升高而降低,叶片荧光参数F_(0)上升、F_(m)和F_(v)/F_(m)下降,表明光系统Ⅱ和电子传递通路受到胁迫;F_(v)/F_(m)和叶绿素含量均与抑制率相关(r 2分别为0.8643、0.8117)。Y(Ⅱ)和Y(NPQ)下降,[C_(8)mim]NO_(3)处理组的Y(Ⅱ)值是对照组的25.13%,Y(NPQ)是对照组的81.91%;但[C_(12)mim]NO_(3)处理导致拟南芥新叶光合效能升高,Y(NPQ)是对照组的116.3%。[C_(12)mim]NO_(3)对小麦的光合作用影响小于拟南芥,因此研究ILs毒性时应考虑不同植物类型的毒性效应。Ionic liquids(ILs)are used as substitutes for traditional organic solvents,its environmental residues have potential ecological risks.The effects of imidazole nitrate ILs([C_(6)mim]NO_(3),[C_(8)mim]NO_(3)and[C_(12)mim]NO_(3))on the growth of Arabidopsis and wheat seedlings were studied.The toxicity differences of three ILs with varying alkyl chain lengths and the response effects of different plants were compared in terms of phenotype,leaf weight,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.The results showed that the three ILs inhibit the growth of Arabidopsis and wheat seedlings,the chlorophyll content decreased with ILs concentration increasing,F_(0)increased while F_(m)and F_(v)/F_(m)decreased,indicating that the photosystemⅡand electron transport pathways are affected;F_(v)/F_(m)and chlorophyll content were correlated with inhibition rate(r 2 was 0.8643 and 0.8117,respectively).The Y(Ⅱ)and Y(NPQ)value decreased,which was 25.13%and 81.91%of the control,respectively,in[C_(8)mim]NO_(3)treatment.While the photosynthetic efficiency of Arabidopsis new leaves increased in[C_(12)mim]NO_(3)treatment,and Y(NPQ)was 116.3%of the control.[C_(12)mim]NO_(3)has a smaller photosynthetic effect on wheat than that on Arabidopsis,so the toxic effects of different plant types should be considered in ILs toxicity.

关 键 词：咪唑硝酸盐类离子液体 拟南芥 小麦 生长抑制 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]