膳食模式与老年人血清同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性  

Relationship between dietary pattern and serum homocysteine level in Chinese elderly adult

作　　者：徐宁 晋梦頔 李文[1,2] 王媛 刘倩[1] 傅镜竹 杜汋 黄国伟 XU Ning;JIN Meng-Di;LI Wen;WANG Yuan;LIU Qian;FU Jing-Zhu;DU Yue;HUANG Guo-Wei(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment,Nutrition and Public Health,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070 [2]天津市环境营养与人群健康重点实验室,天津300070

出　　处：《中华老年多器官疾病杂志》2022年第10期731-734,共4页Chinese Journal of Multiple Organ Diseases in the Elderly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81730091)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社会人口因素、膳食模式、叶酸生化水平对老年人血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平的影响。方法选择天津市宝坻区4319例年龄≥60岁的老年人作为研究对象。血清HCY>15μmol/L判定为高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHCY)。根据血清HCY水平分为HHCY组(1477例)和正常组(2842例)。采用食物频率法收集饮食信息,主成分分析法提取膳食模式,分析不同膳食模式对血清叶酸和HCY水平的影响。采用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验、单因素方差分析或者χ2检验进行组间比较。结果与正常组相比,HHCY组年龄更大,男性更多,BMI更高,血清叶酸水平更低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。主成分分析提取了三种膳食模式,其中蛋奶素食膳食模式有利于降低血清HCY水平,升高血清叶酸水平(均P<0.001)。动物膳食模式与血清叶酸水平降低有关(P<0.001),与血清HCY水平无显著关系。豆类膳食模式与血清HCY水平降低有关(P<0.05),与血清叶酸水平无显著关系。结论建议天津市农村老年人在日常的膳食中适量增加蔬菜、水果、蛋类、奶制品、坚果种子、大豆及其他豆类等的摄入;同时适度限制动物性食品及油炸食品摄入,有利于降低HCY水平,保护心脑血管健康。Objective To investigate the effects of social/population factors,dietary patterns,and folate biochemical level on serum homocysteine(HCY)level in the elderly.Methods A total of 4319 elderly people(≥60 years)in Baodi District of Tianjin were selected as the subjects.Serum HCY>15μmol/L was defined as hyperhomocysteine(HHCY),and the elderly were divided into HHCY group(n=1477)and non-HHCY group(n=2842).Dietary information was collected by food frequency method,dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis,and the effects of different dietary patterns on serum folate and HCY levels were analyzed.SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.Student′s t-test,One-way ANOVA or Chi-square test was employed for intergroup comparison based on data types.Results Compared with the non-HHCY group,the HHCY group was older with more males,higher BMI,and lower serum folate levels(all P<0.05).Three dietary patterns were extracted in the principal component analysis,among which the ovo-lacto vegetarian dietary pattern was beneficial to a decrease in serum HCY level and an increase of serum folate level(all P<0.001).The animal pattern was associated with a decreased serum folate level(P<0.001),but not significantly with serum HCY level.Beans dietary pattern was associated with the decrease of serum HCY(P<0.05),but not significantly with serum folate level.Conclusion It is suggested that the rural elderly in Tianjin should increase the intake of vegetables,fruits,eggs,dairy products,nuts and seeds,soybeans and other legumes in their daily diet but moderately reduce the intake of animal food and fried food,which is beneficial to reduce HCY and protect the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health.

关 键 词：老年人 膳食模式 同型半胱氨酸 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]