拟康氏木霉菌剂对黄瓜幼苗生长、抗氧化系统及枯萎病防效的影响  

Effects of Trichoderma pseudokoningii agents on growth,antioxidant system and control effect against fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings

作　　者：马光恕[1] 张渟 李润哲 李梅[2] 廉华[1] MA Guangshu;ZHANG Ting;LI Runzhe;LI Mei;LIAN Hua(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2022年第6期72-81,107,共11页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0201202)。

摘　　要：于2019年5—8月采用前期筛选出的对黄瓜枯萎病菌有较好拮抗作用的拟康氏木霉Trichoderma pseudokoningii 886菌株,通过盆栽实验,测定不同菌剂施用量对黄瓜幼苗生长、抗氧化系统以及对黄瓜枯萎病防效的影响。结果表明:拟康氏木霉不同施用量均能提高对黄瓜枯萎病的防效,其中10^(5)cfu·g^(-1)拟康氏木霉厚垣孢子菌剂应用效果最好,对黄瓜枯萎病的防效达到83.98%;与CK(只接种病原菌)相比,拟康氏木霉不同施用量均能提高黄瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、根体积、根冠比和壮苗指数,其中10^(5)cfu·g^(-1)拟康氏木霉厚垣孢子菌剂对黄瓜幼苗形态建成的促进效果最好;拟康氏木霉不同施用量均能提高瓜幼苗叶片中CAT、POD、SOD、APX、PPO活性和Pro含量,降低叶片中的MDA含量和质膜透性,其中10^(5)cfu·g^(-1)拟康氏木霉厚垣孢子菌剂对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化系统促进效果最好;在播种后30 d,黄瓜幼苗叶片中CAT、POD、SOD、APX、PPO活性和Pro含量分别比CK提高了119.96%、213.75%、139.29%、97.53%、101.15%、70.38%,相对电导率、MDA含量则分别比CK下降了46.10%、60.28%。研究表明拟康氏木霉886厚垣孢子菌剂通过提高黄瓜幼苗抗氧化系统能力,促进了幼苗形态建成,提高了对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果。Trichoderma pseudokoningii 886 strain with good control effect against cucumber fusarium wilt selected in our previous studies was used in this experiment.The effects of Trichoderma pseudokoningii 886 agents on seedling growth,antioxidant system and control effects against fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings were evaluated through a pot experiment from May to August 2019.The results showed that application concentrations of Trichoderma pseudokoningii agents effectively improved the control effect of cucumber fusarium wilt,and the treatment of 10^(5) cfu·g^(-1) was the most effective one,with disease control efficacy of 83.98%.Different application concentrations of Trichoderma pseudokoningii agents effectively improved the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,root volume,root shoot ratio and strong seedling index of cucumber seedlings compared with CK(application only the pathogen of fusarium wilt).The treatment of 10^(5) cfu·g^(-1) had the best promoting effect on the morphological formation of cucumber seedlings.Application of Trichoderma pseudokoningii agents increased protective enzymes including catalase activity(CAT),peroxidase activity(POD),superoxide dismutase activity(SOD),ascorbate peroxidase activity(APX),polyphenol oxidase activity(PPO)and proline(Pro)content of cucumber seedlings leaf and decreased relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content.The treatment of 10^(5) cfu·g^(-1) had the best promoting effect on the antioxidant system of cucumber seedlings.Compared with CK,catalase activity(CAT),peroxidase activity(POD),superoxide dismutase activity(SOD),ascorbate peroxidase activity(APX),polyphenol oxidasea activity(PPO)and proline(Pro)content of cucumber seedlings leaf increased 119.96%,213.75%,139.29%,97.53%,101.15%and 70.38%,and relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of cucumber seedlings leaf decreased 47.74%and 41.40%at 30 days after sowing.The results showed that Trichoderma pseudokoningii agents in this study increased the ability of antioxidant capacity,promoted the morph

关 键 词：黄瓜 拟康氏木霉菌剂 枯萎病 抗氧化能力 防治效果 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]