船用柴油机废气余热利用系统性能  

Performance of Exhaust Waste Heat Utilization System for a Marine Diesel Engine

作　　者：辛佳磊 季嘉晨 靳广超 桂勇 Xin Jialei;Ji Jiachen;Jin Guangchao;Gui Yong(China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Company Limited,Shanghai 201208,China)

机构地区：[1]中船动力研究院有限公司,上海201208

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2022年第6期561-568,共8页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：工业和信息化部“船用低速机工程(一期)研制”资助项目(CDGC01)。

摘　　要：基于有机朗肯循环(ORC)的船用柴油机废气余热利用系统具有广阔的应用前景.对ORC废气余热利用系统开展配机性能试验,以探究不同主机负荷下该系统的性能.该系统以10 MW级柴油主机废气为热源,采用五氟丙烷(R245fa)为有机工质,水为中间传热介质.结果表明:随着主机负荷上升,该系统的废气换热器效率上升,热水流量和R245fa流量上升,膨胀机进气压力增大,过热度减小,发电效率、(火用)效率及发电量均增大.系统在最大工况下的净发电功率为263.05 kW,发电效率达9.38%,(火用)效率达27.52%,螺杆膨胀机和工质泵的等熵效率分别为75.56%和39.47%.最后,基于试验结果得到该系统对一型120 000吨级远洋运输散货船的能效设计指数(EEDI)贡献度达3%;系统应用后的年燃料成本节省和静态投资回报期分别为1.418 2×10^(6)元/a和3.29 a.Exhaust waste heat utilization system based on organic Rankine cycle(ORC) is promising in marine diesel engines. An experiment was conducted for an ORC exhaust waste heat utilization system to investigate the performance of the system under multiple engine loads. The system takes a 10 MW marine diesel engine exhaust as the heat source,perfluoropropane(R245fa) as the organic working fluid,and water as the intermediate heat transfer medium. The test results show that,as the engine load increases,the exhaust heat exchanger efficiency increases,hot water and R245fa flow rates increase,the pressure at the expander inlet increases,the superheat at the expander inlet decreases,the system efficiency,exergy efficiency and output power improve. Under the maximum system performance condition,the net output power is 263.05 k W,with the system efficiency of 9.38%and exergy efficiency of 27.52%,the isentropic efficiencies of the screw expander and the pump are 75.56% and 39.47%,respectively. This indicates that the system presents great performance. Ultimately,based on the test results,the contribution approaches 3% for the ORC exhaust waste heat utilization system to the energy efficiency design index(EEDI) of a 120 000 ton class bulk carrier,the annual fuel savings and payback period are around 1.418 2×10^(6) CNY/a and 3.29 a,respectively.

关 键 词：船用柴油机 有机朗肯循环 余热利用 能效设计指数 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]