不同肥力茶园土壤碳氮养分对施氮量的响应  

Responses of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Characteristics to Nitrogen Application in Tea Gardens with Different Fertility

作　　者：代依涵 李渝[2,3] 刘彦伶[2,3] 黄兴成[2,3] 张雅蓉 于翊鹏 聂云 蒋太明[3] DAI Yihan;LI Yu;LIU Yanling;HUANG Xingcheng;ZHANG Yarong;YU Yipeng;NIE Yun;JIANG Taiming(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science,Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州省农业科学院,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2022年第11期24-31,共8页China Tea

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y119;黔科合支撑[2022]1Y110)。

摘　　要：研究不同施氮量对不同肥力茶园土壤碳、氮的影响,为合理指导茶园氮肥管理提供理论依据。在2个不同肥力茶园(贵定,低肥力;西秀,高肥力),设置4个氮肥梯度:N1(150 kg/hm^(2))、N2(300 kg/hm^(2)),N3(600 kg/hm^(2))、N4(900 kg/hm^(2)),分析施氮量对茶园土壤碳、氮含量及酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)低肥力茶园土壤有机碳和可溶性有机碳含量均随氮肥用量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,以N2处理最高。高肥力茶园土壤有机碳含量随施氮量的增加不断降低,N2~N4处理土壤有机碳含量较N1处理显著降低了17.44%~20.50%。(2)低肥力茶园土壤全氮、可溶性总氮、微生物量氮随氮肥施用量的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,均以N2处理最高;高肥力茶园土壤微生物量氮、微生物量氮/全氮以N1处理最高。(3)低肥力茶园增施氮肥对土壤酶活性无显著影响。高肥力茶园土壤β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性随氮肥施用量增加呈先下降后升高趋势,N3处理活性最低。(4)低肥力茶园土壤微生物量碳氮比、可溶性碳氮比随氮肥施用量的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,以N2处理最低;土壤碳氮比含量以N2处理最高。高肥力茶园土壤碳氮比随氮肥施用量的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,土壤碳氮比以N1处理较高。不同肥力茶园氮肥施用量对土壤碳、氮养分影响不尽相同,低肥力茶园施氮量为300 kg/hm^(2)、高肥力茶园施氮量为150 kg/hm^(2)时,土壤碳、氮养分含量较高。在茶园管理中,因地制宜合理施肥是提高土壤肥力的重要措施。The effects of different nitrogen application rates on soil carbon and nitrogen in tea gardens with different fertility were studied,which provided a theoretical basis for reasonable guidance of nitrogen fertilizer management in tea gardens.In two tea gardens with different fertility(Guiding,low fertility;Xixiu,high fertility),set four nitrogen fertilizer gradients:N1(150 kg/hm^(2)),N2(300 kg/hm^(2)),N3(600 kg/hm^(2)),N4(900 kg/hm^(2)),and analyzed the effects of nitrogen application on soil carbon,nitrogen content and enzyme activities in tea gardens.The results show that(1)in the low-fertility tea garden,the contents of soil organic carbon and soluble organic carbon showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer consumption,with N2 treatment being the highest.The content of soil organic carbon in high fertility tea garden decreased with the increase of nitrogen application.The content of soil organic carbon in N2~N4 treatment was significantly reduced by 17.44%~20.50%compared with that in N1 treatment.(2)The total nitrogen,soluble total nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen in the low fertility tea garden soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate.The soil microbial biomass N and microbial biomass N/total N of high fertility tea garden were highest in N1 treatment.(3)There was no significant effect on soil enzyme activity in low fertility tea garden by applying more nitrogen fertilizer.High fertility tea garden soilβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and the activity of N3 treatment was the lowest.(4)Soil microbial biomass C/N ratio and soluble C/N ratio in low fertility tea garden decreased first and then increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate,and N2 treatment was the lowest.The soil C/N ratio of N2 treatment was highest.The soil C/N ratio of high fertility tea garden decreased at first and then increased with the increase of nitrogen

关 键 词：氮肥用量 茶园 土壤肥力 有机碳 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]