膨胀性页岩铁路隧道围岩大变形机制及化学抑制技术研究  

Large Deformation Mechanism and Chemical Inhibition Technology for Surrounding Rock of Swelling Shale Railway Tunnel

作　　者：李靖杰 张馨[3] 孙金山 张湘平[3] 赵志涛[3] 董千 张震 胡玲玲 LI Jingjie;ZHANG Xin;SUN Jinshan;ZHANG Xiangping;ZHAO Zhitao;DONG Qian;ZHANG Zhen;HU Lingling(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Fine Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 4300239 China;China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430023 [3]中铁十八局集团有限公司,天津300222

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2022年第6期34-41,77,共9页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52108368、42102329);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2020CFB428、2021CFB204)。

摘　　要：针对鄂西地区页岩地层中铁路隧道施工易发生围岩大变形、初期支护失效开裂等工程灾害,依托鄂西典型铁路隧道工程,在对其工程地质、水文地质条件和隧道围岩大变形灾害的特征进行调查的基础上,采用室内试验的方法对大变形区域的页岩进行了水理特征和矿物成分分析,并基于抑制岩石膨胀性相关的化学原理,遴选了氯化钾、硅酸钾、磺化沥青粉等10种化学试剂,开展了岩石线性膨胀率试验与岩心崩解试验,探究不同化学试剂对页岩膨胀性的抑制效果与岩心崩解性抑制效果。结果表明:依托工程所处页岩的矿物成分以伊利石和绿泥石类黏土矿物为主,属强崩解性的弱膨胀岩,其微观结构裂隙发育且定向层状排列特征明显,水分易于侵入,进而导致层间黏结能力下降;磺化沥青粉和硅酸钾对于页岩膨胀性具有良好的抑制效果,聚丙烯酸钾和聚阴离子纤维素钾盐可以显著抑制岩心崩解。该研究成果可为类似膨胀岩隧道设计与施工提供新的技术路线,为化学法防治膨胀岩隧道灾害提供基础支撑。Construction of railway tunnel in shale stratum in western Hubei is prone to engineering disasters, such as large deformation of surrounding rock and cracking of initial support.Based on a typical railway tunnel project in western Hubei, this paper investigates the engineering geology, hydrogeological conditions and characteristics of large deformation disasters of the tunnel.The hydraulic characteristics and mineral composition of shale in large deformation area of the tunnel were analyzed by laboratory experiment.Moreover, based on the chemical principle of rock swelling inhibition, 10 chemical reagents, such as KCl, KSiOand FT-1 were selected, and linear expansion experiment and artificial core disintegration experiment were carried out to explore the expansion inhibition effect and disintegration inhibition effect of different chemical reagents.The results show that the shale is a weak swelling rock with strong disintegration, and its mineral composition is mainly composed of clay minerals such as illite and chlorite.The microstructure fractures develop and the directional layered arrangement characteristic is obvious, which are easy for water to invade, resulting in the decrease of interlaminar bonding ability.FT-1 and KSiOhave good inhibition effect on shale expansion, and K-PAM and K-PAC can significantly inhibit core disintegration.The research results can provide a new technical route for similar swelling rock tunnel design and construction, and provide a basic support for chemical method to prevent swelling rock tunnel disasters.

关 键 词：页岩 膨胀岩 隧道 围岩大变形 化学抑制 

分 类 号：X93[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U4575[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]