枣庄市南部地下水水化学特征及其主要控制因素  

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of the Groundwater in Southern Zaozhuang City

作　　者：秦怡 唐小惠 李艳龙 苏春利[1] 胡格 QIN Yi;TANG Xiaohui;LI Yanlong;SU Chunli;HU Ge(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 4300789 China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Magmatic Mineralization and Ore-Prospecting,Huhhot 010020,China;Geological Survey Institute of Inner Mongolia,Huhhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]内蒙古自治区岩浆活动成矿与找矿重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古自治区地质调查院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2022年第6期132-138,155,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42177078)。

摘　　要：枣庄市是山东省重要的现代煤化工、能源、建材和机械制造基地,近年来,在快速城市化进程中,地下水超采和污染问题凸显。结合地下水水化学和氢、氧稳定同位素特征,分析了枣庄市南部地下水的补给来源以及地表水与浅层地下水和中深层地下水之间的水力联系以及污染特征,并利用主成分分析法分析了区域地下水水化学特征与主要控制因素。结果表明:枣庄市南部地下水水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)-Ca型和HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca型,地表水水化学类型复杂多变;地下水主要来源于大气降水补给,地表水与地下水之间的水力联系密切;除了水-岩作用之外,区域地下水水化学特征受人为因素的影响较大,煤矿开采矿坑废水沿河流排放下渗和农业面源污染是导致区域岩溶地下水水质下降的主要因素,其中陶枣煤田采矿区矿坑水利用率低,其排放下渗导致齐湖水源地地下水中SO_(4)^(3-)超标严重;农业氮肥施用导致薛城区的墨庄供水井、杜塘村民井、峄城区的三里庄供水井以及高科技示范园区等区域地下水中NO_(3)^(-)超标。Zaozhuang City is an important modern base of coal chemical industry, energy, building materials and machinery manufacturing in Shandong Province.In recent years, with the process of rapid urbanization, the problems of groundwater overexploitation and pollution have become prominent.Combined with the characteristics of hydrochemistry and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes, this paper analyzes the recharge sources of groundwater, the hydraulic connection between surface water, shallow groundwater and middle and deep groundwater and the pollution characteristics of groundwater in the south of Zaozhuang City, and analyzes the controlling factors of regional groundwater hydrochemistry by principal component analysis.The results show that the main types of groundwater hydrochemistry in the south of Zaozhuang City are characterized by HCO_(3)-Ca and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca, while the hydrochemical types of surface water are complicated and changeable.Moreover, groundwater recharge mainly comes from infiltration of precipitation.Close hydraulic connection occurs between surface water and groundwater.In addition to water-rock inte-raction, the human activities have a significant impact on the hydrochemical characteristics of regional groundwater.The main factors resulting in the decline of regional groundwater quality are the discharge and seepage of coal mining drainage along rivers and agricultural non-point source pollution.Low utilization rate of pit water and the discharge infiltration in Taozao coalfield lead to serious SO_(4)^(3-) exceeding the stan-dard of Qihu water source area.The application of agricultural nitrogen fertilizer contributes to excessive NO_(3)^(-)in groundwater, including water supply wells in Mozhuang and Dutang Villages of Xuecheng District, water supply well in Sanlizhuang Village, and high-tech demonstration zone in Yicheng District.

关 键 词：地下水 水化学特征 补给来源 控制因素 枣庄市 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]