实践智慧与伦理学的命运--基于实践智慧发展嬗变的考源  

Practical Wisdom and the Fate of Ethics——Research Based on the Evolution of Practical Wisdom

作　　者：郦平 Li Ping

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学经济伦理研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中州学刊》2022年第10期98-106,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“技术伦理的精神人文主义转向研究”(21BZX111);国家社会科学基金项目“伦理学知识体系的当代中国重建”(19ZDA033);河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“伦理学视域下美国古典技术哲学及其当代价值研究”(2020BZX003)。

摘　　要：学界关于实践智慧的研究成果浩如烟海,但实践智慧与伦理学的命运有何关联还亟待深入探讨。基于对西方主流实践智慧观念嬗变的考源可发现,“实践智慧出场”成为伦理学突破的重要标识,其动摇了智慧至上的传统本体论,重塑了伦理学的题材和使命。后经中世纪基督教的洗礼,再注入近代文艺复兴时期的启蒙实践观念,实践智慧在海德格尔、伽达默尔、麦金泰尔等哲学家这里再次获得复兴,这一实践智慧的嬗变历程折射出伦理学理论的多元化转向。而后,面对认知科学和社会心理学的冲击,聚焦于实践智慧且历史最悠久的伦理学理论即美德伦理学遭遇了重大挑战。对此,美德分子论坚持将伦理学奠基于实践智慧,能否改变伦理学的命运成为有待继续思考的论题。There are numerous researches on practical wisdom in the academic field,but the relationship between practical wisdom and the fate of ethics needs to be further explored.Based on the evolution of the western mainstream concepts of practical wisdom,it can be found that“the appearance of practical wisdom”has become an important symbol of ethics breakthrough,which has shaken the traditional ontology of the supremacy of wisdom and reshaped the subject and mission of ethics.After the influence of Christianity in the Middle Ages and the introduction of Enlightenment practice in the modern Renaissance,practical wisdom was revived again by philosophers such as Heidegger,Gadamer and MacIntyre.This evolution of practical wisdom reflects the diversification of ethical theories.Then,in the face of the impact of cognitive science and social psychology,the traditional ethical theory focusing on practical wisdom and having the longest history,namely virtue ethics,has encountered major challenges.In this regard,whether virtue molecularism,which insists on laying the foundation of ethics on practical wisdom,can change the fate of ethics remains to be considered.

关 键 词：实践智慧 情境主义 反理性主义 自动化 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]