考古学视域下西汉王侯墓出土乐器分析  

An Analysis of Musical Instruments Unearthed from the Tombs of Feudal Lord Kings in Western Han Dynasty From the Angle of Archaeology

作　　者：陈艳 王芳[2,3] Chen Yan;Wang Fang

机构地区：[1]郑州大学音乐学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学历史学院 [3]郑州大学管理科学与决策研究所,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中州学刊》2022年第10期126-133,共8页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

摘　　要：汉代国力鼎盛,政治稳定,经济繁荣时期,诸侯王等高级贵族生活奢靡,同时汉代崇尚“事亡如事存”的生死观,王侯死后陪葬品亦极尽奢华。经历了春秋战国时期的多元文化繁荣鼎盛阶段,西汉承袭了秦朝制度,也受到周礼的影响,随着大一统政治经济体制的变革,为礼乐的发展又提供了新的契机。音乐方面,钟磬之乐依旧是王权贵胄的身份象征,被用于庙堂之上,然而金石之礼乐或是祭祀仪礼等都呈现出衰落迹象,以笙、瑟为主的“丝竹乐”在承袭前代的基础上又展现出新的特征。区别于先秦“重雅贬俗”的音乐文化,西汉时期出现了雅乐与俗乐共荣发展的局面。政治、经济的稳定与繁荣为西汉吸纳少数民族音乐提供了先决条件,多元的音乐文化成为这一时期的重要特征。In the Han Dynasty,when the country was strong and stable,the economy was prosperous,the life of high-class nobles such as the Feudal Lord Kings was extravagant.Simultaneously,in Han Dynasty,the life and death view of“treating death as living”was advocated and the mortuary objects of the lords were extremely extravagant.After experiencing the prosperity of multiculture during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period,the Han Dynasty inherited the system of the Qin Dynasty and was also influenced by the rites of the Zhou Dynasty,and the revolution of the integrated political and economic system provided a new opportunity for the development of etiquette and music.In terms of music,the music of the chimes and stone was still a status symbol for royalty and nobility,and was used in temples.However,the music of chimes and stone and the sacrificial rituals all showed signs of decline,while the bamboo music of Se and Sheng showed new characteristics on the basis of inheriting the previous generations.Different from the music culture of“valuing the elegant and contempting the folk”in the pre-Qin period,the Western Han Dynasty presented a common development of both elegant music and folk music.The stability and prosperity of politics and economy provided the precondition for the Western Han dynasty to absorb the minority music.The diversified music culture was the major feature of that time.

关 键 词：西汉 王侯墓 雅乐 俗乐 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]