现代乌托邦的科学寓言--培根《新大西岛》中的政治、宗教与科学  

A Scientific Parable of Modern Utopia:Politics,Religion and Science in New Atlantis by Francis Bacon

作　　者：王双洪[1] WANG Shuanghong(Institute of Philosophy,Beijing Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市社会科学院哲学所,北京100101

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期144-150,共7页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：《新大西岛》在培根著作中是比较独特的一部,它以寓言和故事的形式表达了培根对理想政制的描述。《新大西岛》是培根与柏拉图的一场隐秘对话,他们同样设计了理想的共同体,这个共同体建立在绝对的真理之上。新旧两个大西岛都几近完美,但结局却迥异。区别在于,柏拉图始终对技术(科学)统治抱以警惕,而培根的新大西岛中科学是最为重要的公共事业。培根的现代信仰是科学拥有征服自然的力量,这种力量将哲学、宗教纳入自己的麾下,用科学统治整个共同体,在这个共同体中,科学永远在进步,而政治和宗教则是稳定不变的。与此同时,培根《新大西岛》也以未竟之作的形式,保留了对现代事业之不足的思考。New Atlantis,unique among Francis Bacon’s works,expresses Bacon’s description of an ideal political system in the form of parable.It is a covert dialogue between Bacon and Plato.They both designed an ideal community based on absolute truth.Both the old and new Atlantis are almost perfect,but the ending is quite different.The difference is that Plato is always wary of the rule of technology(science),while in Bacon’s New Atlantis,science is the most important public utility.Bacon’s modern belief is that science has the power to conquer nature.This power takes philosophy and religion under its own authority and rules the whole community with science.In this community,science is always progressing,while politics and religion are stable.At the same time,in the form of an unfinished work,Bacon’s New Atlantis also have some reservations about the shortcomings of modern undertakings.

关 键 词：培根 《新大西岛》 科学 政治 信仰 

分 类 号：I106.6[文学—世界文学]