宁夏中部干旱带土地利用覆被变化特征研究——以盐池县为例  

Characteristics of Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Arid Zone of Central Ningxia——A Case Study of Yanchi County

作　　者：刘文娟[1] 安瑞平[1] 田佳[1] 卞莹莹[1] 邓江茹 LIU Wen-juan;AN Rui-ping;TIAN Jia;BIAN Ying-ying;DENG Jiang-ru(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2022年第6期122-128,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2020AAC03112);国家自然科学基金(41501234)。

摘　　要：土地利用类型覆被变化能够反映自然条件变化状况和人类活动干扰程度。以宁夏中部干旱带典型区域盐池县为研究区,利用ERDAS和ArcGIS软件,选取2003年和2015年的8月Landsat影像,提取盐池县土地利用土地覆被数据。采用土地利用动态度和土地利用转移矩阵对研究区土地利用时空变化和结构变化进行分析,并利用土地利用转移网络对研究区土地利用变化过程和态势进行重点研究。结果表明,1)12 a盐池县土地利用变化总体呈现为草地、建设用地、水体面积增加,同时耕地、未利用地减少。2)草地面积变化最大,且低覆盖度草地面积明显减少,而高覆盖度草地面积显著增加。不同覆盖度草地之间接转换强烈,草地覆盖度明显提高。高覆盖草地显著增加(126125.37 hm^(2)),净变化(N_(c)=3.50%)和总变化(T_(c)=5.50%)均为最大,单一土地动态度为29.14。研究表明,通过退耕还林还草和禁牧封育等生态工程的实施,研究区植被状况得到改善,逐渐形成了以草地为主导的土地利用格局。Changes in land use and land cover(LULC)reflect the changes of natural conditions and human disturbances of land.Based on the spatial analysis tools of ERDAS and ArcGIS,the data of the changes of LULC of Yanchi County that is located in the arid zone of central Ningxia were extracted from Landsat remote sensing images of 2003 and 2015.On the spatial scale,land use classification and LULC change characteristics were analyzed by using land use type transfer matrix,land use dynamic degree,and land use transfer network.The results showed that 1)the areas of grassland,waterbody,and construction land increased,while the areas of farm land and unused land decreased in the county in the past 12 years.2)The main land use type of the study area was grassland,especially medium-coverage grassland.There was strong transition between grassland with different coverages,and the grassland coverage was improved substantially.High-coverage grassland increased significantly with an area of 126125.37 hm^(2).The net change(N_(c)=3.50%)and total change(T_(c)=5.50%)of the grassland were the largest among all the land use types,with the single land dynamic degree of 29.14.It was concluded that the implementations of the ecological engineering projects Grain for Green and Enclosure and Grazing Prohibition greatly improved the vegetation in the study area,gradually forming the land use pattern dominated by grassland.

关 键 词：盐池 遥感 土地利用 土地覆被变化 

分 类 号：S771.8[农业科学—森林工程]