基于模糊数学法的山东省蔬菜优势产区土壤肥力综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in dominant vegetable producing areas of Shandong Province by fuzzy number method

作　　者：高璐阳 马志明 沈彦辉 刘中良[4] GAO Luyang;MAZhiming;SHEN Yanhui;LIU Zhongliang(Key Laboratory of Special Fertilizers for Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jingmen 448000,Hubei,China;Shandong Xinyangfeng Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Heze 274000,Shandong,China;Shandong(Linyi)Institute of Modern Agriculture,Zhejiang University,Linyi 276000,Shandong,China;Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai’an 271000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部作物专用肥料重点实验室·新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司,湖北荆门448000 [2]山东新洋丰肥业有限公司,山东菏泽274000 [3]浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院,山东临沂276000 [4]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第11期27-33,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2016YFD0200401);山东省蔬菜产业技术体系(SDAIT-05-09)。

摘　　要：为了解山东省蔬菜优势产区土壤养分状况和肥力特征,以2018-2019年在枣庄市、临沂市、潍坊市和聊城市采集的392份露地蔬菜土壤样本为研究对象,选取pH值、有机质含量、碱解氮含量等9个土壤肥力因子作为评价指标,采用模糊数学法对蔬菜优势产区土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明,山东省蔬菜优势产区土壤pH介于3.98~8.90,约58.67%的土壤呈酸性;有效钾较缺乏;有机质养分严重缺乏,处于缺乏水平的土壤达50.51%;碱解氮和有效磷养分总体充足;少数蔬菜产区土壤微量元素养分缺乏。根据土壤综合肥力指数(SFI)值可将蔬菜优势产区土壤肥力划分为5个等级,处于中等偏上肥力水平(SFI≥0.4)的土壤数量达77.04%,整体适宜蔬菜生长。不同蔬菜优势产区土壤肥力水平表现为临沂市>潍坊市>枣庄市>聊城市。针对蔬菜区土壤养分状况,应注重增施有机肥,合理施用钾肥,提升土壤有机质含量,调节土壤pH值,并注重补充微量元素养分。In order to study the soil nutrient status and fertility characteristics of dominant vegetable producing areas in Shandong Province,during 2018 to 2019,392 vegetable soil samples collected in open fields in Zaozhuang,Linyi,Weifang and Liaocheng were taken as the research object.Nine soil fertility factors such as pH,organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were selected as evaluation indexes to evaluate the soil nutrient status in the dominant vegetable producing areas by the fuzzy mathematics method.The results showed that the soil pH of the dominant vegetable producing areas in Shandong Province was between 3.98 and 8.90,and about 58.67%of the soils were acidic.The content of available potassium was deficient,the content of organic matter nutrients was serious deficient,and the soil at the deficiency level reached 50.51%.The nutrients of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus were generally sufficient,and a few vegetable producing areas were lack of microelements.According to the SFI value,the soil fertility in the dominant vegetable producing areas can be divided into five grades,and the amount of soil in the middle and upper fertility level(SFI≥0.4)is 77.04%,which is suitable for vegetable growth as a whole.The soil fertility level of different vegetable producing areas is Linyi>Weifang>Zaozhuang>Liaocheng.According to the soil nutrient conditions in the vegetable aresa,the application of organic fertilizer,rational application of potassium fertilizer,increase of soil organic matter content,improvement of soil pH and supplement of microelements are suggested.

关 键 词：蔬菜土壤 主成分分析 模糊数学法 养分综合评价 山东省 

分 类 号：S625.54[农业科学—园艺学] S63