乌鲁木齐市酒精使用障碍现况调查  

A cross-sectional study of alcohol use disorder in Urumqi

作　　者：陈亮[1] 张婷婷[2] 傅岳文[1] 刘肇瑞[2] 严洁 肖开提·苏理旦[1] 马超 丁华 古力努尔·艾比不拉 吕萍 田霄翌 徐向东[1] 黄悦勤[2] CHEN Liang;ZHANG Tingting;FU Yuewen;LIU Zhaorui;YAN Jie;SULIDAN Xiaokaiti;MA Chao;DING Hua;AIBIBULA Gulinuer;LYU Ping;TIAN Xiaoyi;XU Xiangdong;HUANG Yueqin(The Fourth People's Hospital in Urumqi,Uumqi 830002,China;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disor ders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Social Science Survey,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市第四人民医院,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083 [3]北京大学中国社会科学调查中心,北京100871

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2022年第12期1010-1015,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：卫生行业科研专项基金(201202022);乌鲁木齐市科学技术局项目(Y131320021)。

摘　　要：目的:描述乌鲁木齐市18岁及以上人群酒精使用障碍患病率,并对精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)与DSM-5获得的患病率进行对比,探讨诊断标准改变对于疾病诊断的影响。方法:采用复合性国际诊断交谈表3.0版作为调查工具,计算加权后DSM-5和DSM-IV酒精使用障碍患病率,计算Kappa值评价两种诊断标准的一致性。结果:1782名调查对象完成访谈,39.47%的受访者自我报告曾饮酒。DSM-5酒精使用障碍终生和12月患病率分别为3.15%和0.74%。在酒精使用障碍患者中,以轻度为主,最常见的症状为“长期大量使用”和“多次尝试停止使用”。DSM-IV酒精使用障碍终生和12月患病率分别为1.54%和0.02%。DSM-5和DSM-IV两种诊断属于中等一-致性,Kappa值为0.65。52.54%的DSM-5轻度酒精使用障碍患者为DSM-IV阈下诊断人群。结论:乌鲁木齐市酒精使用障碍流行率较低。和DSM-IV相比,DSM-5会纳入更多轻度患者。Objective:To describe the prevalence of alcohol use disorder(AUD)among community residents aged 18 years and over in Urumqi,compare the difference of prevalence rates according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-IV)and DSM-5,and explore the influence of the change of diagnostic criteria Methods:The survey was conducted using Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0(CIDI-3.0).Weighted lifetime and 12-month prevalence of AUD were calculated based on DSM-5 and DSM-IV.Kappa was used to access the agreement between DSM-5 and DSM-IV AUD.Results:Totally,1782 respondents were interviewed in the survey and 39.47%reported having drinking histories.The lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-5 AUD were 3.15%and 0.74%,respectively.Mild lifetime AUD was the most prevalent severity level.The two most common criteria were"larger/longer"and"failure to quit/cutdown".The lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV AUD were 1.54% and 0.02%,respectively.The agreement between DSM-5 and DSM-IV AUD was moderate(Kappa=0.65).There were 52.54% of the mild DSM-5 AUD coming from DSM-IV diagnostic orphans.Conclusion:AUD prevalence in Urumqi is low.Compared with DSM-IV,DSM-5 captures more diag-nostic orphans.

关 键 词：酒精使用障碍 患病率 DSM-5诊断标准 DSM-IV诊断标准 

分 类 号：R749.62[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R181.32[医药卫生—临床医学]