神经系统疾病与认知动力学(Ⅱ):神经振荡与认知动力学  

Neurological disease and cognitive dynamics(Ⅱ):Neural oscillations and cognitive dynamics

作　　者：韩芳[1] 樊登贵 张丽媛 王青云[4] 顾晓春[5] 王直杰[1] HAN Fang;FAN Denggui;GU Xiaochun;ZHANG Liyuan;WANG Zhijiel;WANG Qingyun(College of Information Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Mathematics and Physics,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Shanghai Dianji University,Shanghai,200245,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学信息科学与技术学院,上海201620 [2]北京科技大学数理学院,北京100083 [3]北京工业大学环境与生命学,北京100124 [4]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100191 [5]上海电机学院,上海200245

出　　处：《力学进展》2022年第3期587-622,共36页Advances in Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11972115,11932003,12072021,12102014)资助项目。

摘　　要：大脑神经系统具有从慢到快多种不同的振荡节律,这些节律振荡被认为参与了大脑多种功能的实现,其中高频的伽马同步振荡被认为与大脑的认知功能最为相关.本文阐述了生物学实验方面关于伽马振荡及其功能的研究进展,并针对实验中伽马振荡的频率敏感依赖于外部刺激特征的现象,综述了基于神经网络模型进行变频伽马振荡及其认知功能的动力学建模研究工作,解释了视觉刺激调控的变频率伽马振荡动力学产生机理,提出了基于同步抑制增强全局放电率对比度的神经认知机制.研究成果有助于理解神经系统同步振荡的产生机理及其认知作用,为大脑认知原理以及类脑智能的研究奠定基础.The brain nervous system has various oscillatory rhythms, from slow to fast. These rhythmic oscillations are believed to be involved in the realization of various brain functions. The highfrequency Gamma synchronous oscillations are considered to be most related to the cognitive functions of the brain. In this review paper, the research progress of Gamma oscillations and their functions in biological experiments is expounded. Then, concerning the biological observation that the frequency of Gamma oscillations sensitively depends on the characteristics of external stimuli, the dynamical modeling work on the variable-frequency Gamma oscillations and the cognitive functions based on neural network models is also expounded. In this paper, the generation mechanisms of variable-frequency Gamma oscillation dynamics regulated by visual stimuli are explained, and a neurocognitive mechanism of global enhancement of firing rate contrast based on synchronous inhibition is proposed. The research results are helpful to understand the generation mechanisms of synchronous oscillations of nervous system and the cognitive functions and lay a foundation for the study of brain working mechanisms of cognitive activities and brain-like intelligence.

关 键 词：神经振荡 伽马振荡 认知动力学 刺激调控 变频率 神经网络模型 

分 类 号：R338.25[医药卫生—人体生理学] O415.6[医药卫生—基础医学]