论帕菲特对个人同一性经典观点的修正式解读  

On Parfit’s Revisionist Interpretation of the Classic Views on Personal Identity

作　　者：梁耀之 阮航[1] Liang Yaozhi;Ruan Hang

机构地区：[1]湖北大学哲学学院

出　　处：《价值论与伦理学研究》2022年第1期82-96,共15页Axiology and Ethics

基　　金：国家社科一般项目“帕菲特的伦理理论及其当代效应研究”(20BZX112)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基于对质的同一性和量的同一性这两者的区分,帕菲特把个人同一性论题界定为,什么是个人的历时性存在所必然包含的。帕菲特进而通过一系列的思想实验和讨论,对关于个人同一性的还原论观点和非还原论观点等经典观点分别做了修正,以呈现其各自的最佳版本,并给出了相应的解读。其修正的目的是澄清他要反驳的对象,其修正方法则是依托其所设计的思想实验,运用当代分析哲学的思路展开分析,最终诉诸直觉来判断。帕菲特的这种修正方法具有高度的原创性和较强的理论力度,对于当代伦理学的理论建构以及思考现实的伦理问题颇有启发。Based on the distinction between the qualitative identity and numerical identity,Parfit defines the subject of personal identity as what is necessarily involved in the continued existence of a person over time.Parfit in turn made a revision for classical views on personal identity such as reductionist views and non-reductionist views through a series of thought experiments and corresponding discussions,so as to present their respective best versions and give corresponding interpretations.The purpose of his revision is to clarify the objects that he wants to refute,and his revisionist method is to rely on the thought experiments he has designed,use the ideas of contemporary analytical philosophy to carry out the analysis,and finally appeal to intuition to judge.Parfit’s revisionist method is highly original and has a strong theoretical strength,which is quite enlightening for the theoretical construction of contemporary ethics and solving ethical problems about reality.

关 键 词：个人同一性 修正式解读 帕菲特 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]