玉米、小麦与小麦麸对藏猪的营养价值评定  

Nutritional Value Evaluation of Corn,Wheat and Wheat Bran for Tibetan Pigs

作　　者：张辉耀 王明琼 曲珍 刘锁珠 谭占坤 ZHANG Huiyao;WANG Mingqiong;quzhen;LIU Suozhu;TAN Zhankun(College of Animal Science,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Tibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Centre,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Ecological Grassland Animal Husbandry in Tibet Plateau,Nyingchi 860000,China;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Service Center of Naidong District,Shannan City,Tibet,856000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院动物科学学院西藏高原饲料加工工程研究中心西藏高原生态草牧业协同创新中心,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏山南市乃东区农牧综合服务中心,西藏山南856000

出　　处：《高原农业》2022年第5期469-478,共10页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ202001ZR0059G);西藏农牧学院与西北农林科技大学联合基金(2452020043);西藏自治区重点研发计划(XZ202001ZY0039N)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评价常用能量饲料(玉米、小麦与小麦麸)对藏猪的营养价值。选取平均体重为35 kg的生长期藏猪40头,随机分为4个处理,分别饲喂基础饲粮、玉米饲粮(20%玉米+80%基础饲粮)、小麦饲粮(20%小麦+80%基础饲粮)和小麦麸饲粮(20%小麦麸+80%基础饲粮),每个处理5个重复,每个重复2头猪。试验期15 d,其中预饲期11 d,收粪期4 d。采用盐酸不溶灰分作为指示剂,测定饲粮中营养物质的表观消化率,利用套算法计算玉米、小麦与小麦麸的营养价值。结果表明,藏猪对玉米粗脂肪表观消化率显著高于小麦麸(P<0.05),对玉米无氮浸出物表观消化率显著高于小麦和小麦麸(P<0.05);藏猪对小麦麸酸性洗涤纤维和钙的表观消化率显著高于玉米和小麦(P<0.05),对小麦酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于玉米(P<0.05)。藏猪对玉米中谷氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸表观消化率显著低于小麦和小麦麸(P<0.05),对甘氨酸表观消化率显著低于小麦麸(P<0.05);藏猪对小麦麸酪氨酸和总氨基酸表观消化率显著高于玉米和小麦(P<0.05)。综上所述,藏猪对不同能量饲料消化率不同,玉米作为最常用的能量饲料在藏猪上利用效果较好,小麦与小麦麸具有较优的蛋白质氨基酸利用率。This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of commonly used energy feed(corn,wheat and wheat bran)for Tibetan pigs.Forty Tibetan pigs with an average body weight of 35 kg were randomly divided into 4 treatments,fed basal diet,corn diet(20%corn+80%basal diet),wheat diet(20%wheat+80%basal diet)and wheat bran diet(20%wheat bran+80%basal diet),respectively,with five replicates of two pigs per treatment.The experiment lasted for 15 days,including 11 days in the pre-feeding period and 4 days in the fecal collection period.The apparent digestibility of nutrients in the diet was determined by insoluble ash content of hydrochloric acid as an indicator,and the nutritional value of corn,wheat and wheat bran was calculated by substitution method.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of crude fat in corn was significantly higher than that of wheat bran in Tibetan pigs(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of nitrogen free extract in corn was significantly higher than that of wheat and wheat bran(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber and calcium in wheat bran of Tibetan pigs was significantly higher than that of corn and wheat(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber for wheat was significantly higher than that for corn(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of glutamate,valine and lysine in corn of Tibetan pigs was significantly lower than that of wheat and wheat bran(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of glycine was significantly lower than that of wheat bran(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of tyrosine and total amino acids in wheat bran of Tibetan pigs was significantly higher than that of corn and wheat(P<0.05).In conclusion,Tibetan pigs have various digestibility of different energy feed.Corn,as the most commonly used energy feed,has better utilization effect on Tibetan pigs,and wheat and wheat bran have better utilization efficiency of protein.

关 键 词：能量饲料 藏猪 营养价值 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]