中国返乡农民创业的主要模式比较与政策展望  

Comparison of Major Models and Policy Outlook of Returned Farmers’Entrepreneurship in China

作　　者：王东[1] 徐磊[1] Wang Dong;Xu Le(Agricultural Information Institute,CAAS,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业展望》2022年第8期11-15,共5页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII)。

摘　　要：随着中国乡村振兴战略的深入实施,加之一系列支持返乡农民创业政策的出台,返乡农民创业逐渐成为新时代的一种趋势。通过梳理当前中国返乡农民创业的主要模式,选取不同模式下的典型案例进行比较分析,探索总结各类返乡农民创业模式的基本特点、成功经验以及面临的制约条件,并据此从制度供给的角度提出了改进返乡农民创业模式、增强核心竞争力、完善金融支持机制、提高扶持政策执行效果、加强基础设施建设、发展多种形式的创业服务平台的政策建议。在此基础上,展望了未来中国农民返乡创业的趋势,即创业主体创新性进一步增强,各项扶持政策的完整性、持续性和公平性进一步提高以及创业基础环境进一步优化,并实现返乡农民创业行为对乡村振兴的良好驱动。With the in-depth implementation of China’s rural revitalization strategy and the introduction of a series of policies to support returned farmers’entrepreneurship,returned farmers’entrepreneurship has gradually become a trend in the new era.Through comparing and analyzing typical cases under different models,the basic features,successful experiences and constraints faced by various models of returned farmers’entrepreneurship were explored and summarized,and policy suggestions were put forward to improve the model of returned farmers’entrepreneurship,enhance core competitiveness,improve financial support mechanisms,improve the implementation effect of supporting policies,strengthen the construction of infrastructure and develop various forms of entrepreneurial service platforms from the perspective of institutional supply.On this basis,the future entrepreneurship trend of Chinese farmers returned to their hometowns was forecasted,that is,the innovation of entrepreneurial subjects will further increase,the integrity,sustainability and fairness of various support policies will be further improved,the entrepreneurial infrastructure environment will be further optimized,and the good driving force of the entrepreneurial behavior of farmers returned to their hometowns for rural revitalization will be realized.

关 键 词：返乡创业 农民回流 创业模式 自主创业 政府扶持 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F323.6[经济管理—国民经济]