设施蔬菜生产无人化开沟施肥机控制系统研究  

Research on the control system of unmanned ditching fertilizer applicator for facility vegetable production

作　　者：吴丹[1] 戴有华[1] 刘永华[1] 金文忻 Wu Dan;Dai Youhua;Liu Yonghua;Jin Wenxin(Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Zhenjiang,212400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院,江苏镇江212400

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第12期60-66,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2020-33);2019年度江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队项目(2020kj069)。

摘　　要：为解决设施蔬菜生产存在的用工难、用工贵、劳动强度大、作业效率低、农机农艺融合不够等问题,设计基于PLC和自适应Fuzzy-PID的设施蔬菜生产无人化开沟施肥机的控制系统。采用西门子S7-200 SMART PLC作为主控制器开发开沟施肥机的控制系统,实现无人化开沟施肥;再采用自适应Fuzzy-PID控制方法实现精准施肥。通过试验可得开沟深度最大相对误差为7.5%,平均相对误差为1.2%,施肥量最大相对误差14%,平均相对误差为6.6%,满足开沟控制要求和精准施肥要求,控制系统稳定性好,控制精度高,满足生产要求。In order to solve the problems of difficult labor, expensive labor, high labor intensity, low operation efficiency, and insufficient integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in facility vegetable production, a control system of unmanned ditching fertilizer applicator for facility vegetable production based on PLC and adaptive Fuzzy-PID was designed. Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC was used as the main controller to develop the control system of the ditching and fertilizing machine to realize unmanned ditching and fertilizing;and then the adaptive Fuzzy-PID control method was used to realize precise fertilization. Through the experiment, the maximum relative error of trenching depth was 7.5%, the average relative error was 1.2%, the maximum relative error of fertilization amount was 14%, and the average relative error was 6.6%, which met the requirements of trenching control and precise fertilization. The control system had good stability and high control accuracy, and also met the production requirements.

关 键 词：开沟施肥机 PLC 控制系统 开沟深度 变量施肥 自适应Fuzzy-PID 

分 类 号：S24[农业科学—农业电气化与自动化]