鱼-菜共生种养技术模式研究现状  

Research status on aquaponics technology system

作　　者：刘慧 汪小旵[1] 施印炎 李天沛 於海明[1] 郝向泽 Liu Hui;Wang Xiaochan;Shi Yinyan;Li Tianpei;Yu Haiming;Hao Xiangze(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,210031,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Xiangcheng District of Suzhou City,Suzhou,215100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,南京市210031 [2]苏州市相城区农业农村局,江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第12期75-82,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)(BE2021362);江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2020-09);国家自然科学基金项目(51905281);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210410)。

摘　　要：鱼-菜共生种养技术是一种多学科交叉融合的新型复合种养殖技术,将水产养殖与作物栽培有机结合,实现种养生产循环利用,可有效改善传统的水产养殖模式带来的大量养殖尾水排放、环境污染和资源浪费的负面影响。近年来,鱼-菜共生种养技术发展迅速,以该技术的研究进展为主线,对鱼-菜共生种养技术的技术要点、影响鱼-菜共生种养系统平衡的关键因素进行概述。客观分析现阶段鱼-菜共生种养技术发展中存在对菌藻利用氮磷转化的研究不足、水产及植物种类局限、经济可行性尚不明确、人工智能技术的应用不足、缺乏专业性人才及政府支持等问题。针对存在的问题,提出促进鱼-菜共生种养技术可持续发展的建议,如需要加强对各类微生物的利用以及对氮磷转化吸收效率的研究,并实现投入品种多元化,加快人工智能技术与鱼-菜共生种养技术相结合,政府提高重视,注重培养专业人才等。The aquaponic planting and breeding technology is a new type of composite breeding technology with multidisciplinary integration. It combines aquaculture and crop cultivation organically to realize the recycling of farming and production, and can effectively improve the negative impact of the traditional aquaculture mode on the discharge of large quantities of aquaculture tail water, environmental pollution and resource waste. In recent years, the aquaponic planting and breeding technology has developed rapidly. Taking the research progress of this technology as the main line, this paper summarizes the technical key points of aquaponic and the key factors affecting the balance of aquaponic. Through the objective analysis of the current stage of the development of aquaponic planting and breeding technology, there are existing problems such as insufficient research on the conversion of nitrogen and phosphorus by bacteria and algae, limited aquatic products and plant species, unclear economic feasibility, insufficient application of artificial intelligence technology, lack of professional personnel and government support. In view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward to promote the aquaponic and raising suggestions for the sustainable development of technology, such as the need to strengthen the use of all kinds of microorganisms and the study of transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake efficiency, and realize in species diversity and accelerate the artificial intelligence technology combined with an aquaponic planting and breeding technology, and for the government to raise awareness, pay more attention to the training of professional talents, etc.

关 键 词：鱼菜共生 循环利用 种养结合 可持续发展 

分 类 号：S953[农业科学—水产养殖] S964[农业科学—水产科学]