中道:传统司法制度中正向原则与补救原则的形成及实践  

Middle Value Standard:the Formation and Practice of the Positive Principle and the Remedy Principle in the Traditional Judicial System

作　　者：胡兴东[1] Hu Xingdong(Law school,Yunnan university,Kunming,Yunan 650091)

机构地区：[1]云南大学法学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第6期155-166,共12页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2021年最高人民法院招标项目“宋元时期经权司法的案例研究”(项目编号:2021SFAL003);2022年云南大学哲学社会科学创新团队项目“中华法系演进与中华民族共同体形成创新团队”(项目编号:CY2262420205)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“中道”作为中国古代司法制度中的基本价值原则,在传统司法制度中对克制和消除某些正向司法原则导致的“非正义”司法产品具有积极的补救作用,并在司法活动中促使补救司法原则的形成。正向和补救司法原则是中国传统司法知识体系的重要组成部分,让中国古代司法在整体上实现了一种价值中道取向。在这种司法制度中,最具代表性的司法原则有“五服制”与“舍服取义”、“情理”与“非理”两组。它们在司法运行中构成了相互补救关系,制约着任何一方走向极端。中国古代正向司法原则的内在价值主要是基于“有别”的“礼”,补救司法原则的内在价值主要是基于“得其宜”的“义”。“礼”和“义”构成了中国古代司法制度价值体系上的两块基石。As the basic value principle in the ancient Chinese judicial system,“Middle Value Standard”has a positive remedial effect on restraining and eliminating the“unjust”judicial products caused by some positive judicial principles in the traditional judicial system,which has promoted the formation of the corresponding complementary judicial principles in the administration of justice.The two judicial principle of positive and remedial justice constitute an important part of the Chinese traditional judicial knowledge system,which makes the ancient justice realize a golden mean of way orientation in value as a whole.In this kind of judicial system,the most representative judicial principles are“Wufu system”and“giving up Wufu system for righteousness”,“reason”and“irrationality”.They constitute a mutual remedy relationship in the judicial operation,which restricts any party from going to extremes.The intrinsic value of the positive judicial principle in ancient China is mainly based on the ritual of“difference”,and the intrinsic value of the remedial judicial principle is mainly based on the righteousness of“getting what is appropriate”.The ritual and the righteousness constitute the two cornerstone values of ancient Chinese judicature.

关 键 词：中道 传统司法 正向原则 救济原则 

分 类 号：D909.92[政治法律—法学理论]