18世纪俄国文学对莎士比亚的接受  

The acceptance of Shakespeare in 18th century Russian Literature

作　　者：李葆华[1] Li Baohua

机构地区：[1]中北大学人文社会科学学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2022年第4期107-117,共11页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“俄国《现代人》杂志研究(1836-1866)”(17AWW005);2021年度山西省高校外语教学与研究专项课题“莎士比亚与18世纪俄国文学”(SXSKL2021SX0047)的阶段成果。

摘　　要：本文历时梳理了18世纪俄国文学对莎士比亚接受的四个发展阶段:从1731年以来的漫长潜伏期到1748年苏马罗科夫初识莎士比亚、再到50到70年代的30年低谷期、直到80年代迎来俄国莎译和莎评的第一个高潮期。整个18世纪七十多年对莎士比亚的接受经历了从剧名到人名、从间接到直接、从台词到剧作的一个逐渐清晰、日益丰满的发展过程,为19世纪及之后的俄国文学对莎士比亚的接受奠定了坚实基础。18世纪的莎士比亚接受呈现出三个突出的特点:接受步伐与18世纪俄国文学发展阶段的同步性,鲜明而深刻的法、德作家和评论家的影响,文学期刊在不同时期对莎士比亚接受的推动作用。This paper diachronically combs the four development stages of Russian literature’s acceptance of Shakespeare in the 18th century: from the long incubation period since 1731 to Sumarokov’s first acquaintance with Shakespeare in 1748, and then to the 30-year trough in the 1850s and 1870s, until the first climax of Russian Shakespeare translation and criticism in the 1880s. Throughout the more than 70 years of the 18th century, the acceptance of Shakespeare has experienced a gradually clear and increasingly plump development process from play name to person name, from indirect to direct, and from lines to plays, which has laid a solid foundation for the acceptance of Shakespeare in Russian literature in the 19th century and after. Shakespeare’s acceptance in the 18th century showed three prominent characteristics: the synchronization between the pace of acceptance and the development stage of Russian literature in the 18th century, the distinct and profound influence of French and German writers and critics,and the promoting role of literary journals in Shakespeare’s acceptance in different periods.

关 键 词：18世纪 俄国文学 莎士比亚 接受 

分 类 号：I512.06[文学—其他各国文学] I561.073