超声波电机夹心式定子结构含损耗机电等效电路建模与分析  

Electromechanical Equivalent Model of Sandwich Stator of Ultrasonic Motors Considering Losses

作　　者：董晓霄 黄肖肖 夏博 袁越[1] Dong Xiaoxiao;Huang Xiaoxiao;Xia Bo;Yuan Yue(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai University,Nanjing 211100 China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京211100

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2022年第22期5756-5764,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52107043)。

摘　　要：Langevin夹心式结构被广泛应用于超声波电机定子结构设计中,其压电振子工作于厚度方向振动模态,现有等效电路模型由于没有充分考虑压电振子固有损耗特性,因此无法实现对机械品质因数的准确评估。为此,该文首先建立压电振子含三类损耗的解耦机电等效电路模型,研究压电振子三类固有损耗对机械品质因数的影响规律;再进一步建立Langevin夹心式结构的机电等效电路模型,分析材料特性参数和结构参数对于共振频率、反共振频率和有效机电耦合系数等关键性能指标的影响。最后制作Langevin夹心式结构性样机,并分别对其阻抗-频率特性和振动特性进行测试,通过实验结论证实理论模型的准确性。该研究通过揭示压电振子固有损耗对其输出特性的差异性影响规律,为设计具有高机械品质因数的振子结构,并进一步开发高性能超声波电机提供理论支撑。The Langevin sandwich structure is widely used in the stator design of ultrasonic motors,in which the piezoelectric vibrator works in the thickness vibration mode.Because the existing equivalent circuit model does not fully consider the inherent loss characteristics of the piezoelectric vibrator,it is unable to evaluate the mechanical quality factor.In this paper,the decoupling electromechanical equivalent circuit model of a piezoelectric vibrator with three types of losses is firstly established to study the influence of three types of inherent losses of piezoelectric ceramics on the mechanical quality factor.Then,the electromechanical equivalent circuit model of the Langevin sandwich structure is established,and the influence of material and structural parameters on resonance frequency,anti-resonance frequency and electromechanical coupling coefficient is discussed.Finally,a Langevin structural prototype is fabricated,and its impedance-frequency characteristics and vibration characteristics are tested.The accuracy of the theoretical model is verified.This paper provides theoretical support for designing a vibrator structure with a high mechanical quality factor and further develops a high-performance ultrasonic motor by revealing the differential influence of the inherent loss of piezoelectric vibrators on its output characteristics.

关 键 词：超声波电机 Langevin结构 机电等效电路 损耗 

分 类 号：TM35[电气工程—电机]