基于限制性立方样条模型分析绝经女性年龄相关性白内障的影响因素  

To analyze influencing factors of age-related cataract in postmenopausal women based on restricted cubic spline models

作　　者：李俊慧 李树林[2] 王焕婷 LI Junhui;LI Shulin;WANG Huanting(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830017,China;Urumqi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi 830092,China;Urumqi Eye,Ear,Nose and Throat Specialist Hospital,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830017 [2]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830092 [3]乌鲁木齐市眼耳鼻喉专科医院,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2022年第11期1355-1361,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市卫生健康委科技计划项目(202138)。

摘　　要：目的分析绝经女性年龄相关性白内障(Age-related cataract,ARC)的影响因素,为预防女性ARC提出建议。方法收集2020年7月-2021年8月在乌鲁木齐市眼耳鼻喉专科医院住院的女性ARC患者252例作为病例组,对年龄进行频数匹配,选取同期在本院健康体检无ARC的女性作为对照组。应用二元Logistic回归分析模型分析女性ARC的影响因素;应用限制性立方样条模型分析初潮年龄和结婚年龄与ARC的剂量-反应关系。结果多因素分析结果显示,离婚(OR=4.880)、丧偶(OR=5.117)、农民(OR=8.390)、初潮年龄(OR=1.290)和2型糖尿病(OR=1.980)是ARC的危险因素,结婚年龄(OR=0.915)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR=0.107)是ARC的保护因素。限制性立方样条反应分析结果显示,初潮年龄(χ^(2)=3.070,P=0.0800)和结婚年龄(χ^(2)=0.160,P=0.6935)与ARC之间存在剂量-反应关系。结论由于初潮年龄和结婚年龄与ARC之间存在剂量-反应关系,建议女孩在初潮前就要注意合理饮食,适当进行体育锻炼,保持心情愉悦,维护心理健康,提倡适龄婚育,定期去医院进行眼科检查,综合干预,多方位防治。Objective To analyze the factors influencing age-related cataract(ARC)in menopausal women and to make recommendations for prevention of ARC in women.Methods 252 female patients with ARC who were hospitalized from July 2020 to August 2021 were collected as the case group,frequency-matched for age,and women without ARC during the same period of health check-up at the hospital were selected as the control group.A binary logistic regression analysis model was applied to analyze the factors influencing female ARC;a restricted cubic spline model was applied to analyze the dose-response relationship between the age at menarche and theage at marriage and ARC.Results Multifactorial analysis showed that divorce(OR=4.880),widowhood(OR=5.117),farmers(OR=8.390),age at menarche(OR=1.290)and type 2 diabetes(OR=1.980)were risk factors for ARC,and age at marriage(OR=0.915)and HDL cholesterol(OR=0.107)were protective factors.Restricted cubic spline response analysis showed a dose-response relationship between the age at menarche(χ^(2)=3.070,P=0.0800)and the age at marriage(χ^(2)=0.160,P=0.6935)and ARC.Conclusion Because of the dose-response relationship between theage at menarche and the age at marriage and ARC,it is recommended that girls should pay attention to a reasonable diet before menarche,take appropriate physical exercise,maintain a happy mood and psychological health,advocate marriage at an appropriate age,and go to the hospital in terms of regular eye examinations for comprehensive intervention and multifaceted prevention.

关 键 词：绝经 女性 年龄相关性白内障 影响因素 限制性立方样条 

分 类 号：R776.1[医药卫生—眼科]