随机田野实验的使用规范与拓展应用  

Usage Specifications of Randomized Field Experiments and Their Practical Implication

作　　者：陈耿宣[1] 黄睿[2] 凌浩 CHEN Geng-xuan;HUANG Rui;LING Hao(Institute of Economics,Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Chengdu 610071,China;Chongqing Research Center of High-skilled Personnel Development,Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering,Chongqing 401331,China;Shenzhen Finance Institute,The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院经济研究所,四川成都610071 [2]重庆电子工程职业学院重庆高技能人才发展研究中心,重庆401331 [3]香港中文大学(深圳)深圳高等金融研究院,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《东北财经大学学报》2022年第6期15-26,共12页Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：重庆市教委人文社会科学研究重点项目“新时代高校‘三下乡’服务乡村振兴战略创新机制研究”(18SKSJ084);重庆市教委人文社会科学研究规划项目“基于在线职业教育的乡村扶智路径研究”(18SKGH188);重庆市社会科学联合会社会科学规划项目“成渝地区双城经济圈背景下职业教育的产业协同发展效应研究”(2021NDYB051)。

摘　　要：随机田野实验的使用让学者能够更加直观地保证研究无偏性,将研究结论直接推广于现实,弥补传统经济学研究方法难以通过观察直接干预的方法进行研究的劣势,并且方便进行跨领域(学科)研究。国外学者通过引入宏观协变量,使用协变量分组技术等新的方法避免在实验中出现误差,拓展了其在健康经济学、教育经济学、公共经济学、劳动经济学与人口经济学等研究领域的使用范围。在中国,关于随机田野实验的研究实践仍然处在起步阶段,而中国拥有大量可供随机田野实验进行研究的议题,这一研究方法在未来将有较大的发展空间。本文对随机田野实验的起源与定义、理论进展和应用等进行了系统总结,并对该方法在中国的发展和应用进行研究,为国内学者进一步正确使用随机田野实验,推动中国情景下的跨领域、跨学科研究提供参考。Randomized field experiments(RFEs) have gained widespread attention and application. In recent years,research results from RFEs have been published continuously in major economic and management journals around the world, and the publication number shows a rising trend. The reason lies in that the RFE allows scholars to guarantee unbiased research in economics more intuitively to facilitate interdisciplinary research. At the same time, this method makes it easier to generalize research findings directly to reality, compensating for the shortages of existing econometric methods, like failing to meet statistical assumptions, using indirect observations for research, and poorly targeted research findings. Therefore, the RFE is an approach different from social surveys, econometric methods and experimental approach, serving as a useful addition to existing research methods in economics.By introducing macro covariates, covariate grouping techniques and some others, scholars try to avoid the problems such as diminished external validity and experimental threat through RFEs. As a result, the RFE has been constantly reviewed and updated to address its application in complex situations. This expands its application scope in economics research areas, including health economics, education economics, public economics, labor economics and population economics.At present, the Chinese academia is exposed to RFEs for a relatively short time, and the practice of RFEs is still in its infancy, lacking systematic research and dissemination. Given that China has a large number of topics that can be studied by means of RFEs, there is much room for the development of this method in China. Chinese scholars can not only update and reproduce some of the classical findings of economics or existing experiments in China, but also conduct experiments and tests on phenomena and policies specific to China, thus promoting cross-domain and interdisciplinary research in the Chinese context.

关 键 词：随机田野实验 中国问题研究 政策分析 跨学科研究 实验研究方法 

分 类 号：F011[经济管理—政治经济学] F069