广东省学校食品从业人员诺如病毒感染及影响因素分析  

Norovirus infection and influencing factors in food practitioners in schools in Guangdong

作　　者：陈旭光 陈凤萍 杨芬[1] 汪慧[3] 焦亮[4] 王曼[5] 陈茂余[6] 方苓[1] 李剑森[1] 李晖[1] 张萌[1] Chen Xuguang;Chen Fengping;Yang Fen;Wang Hui;Jiao Liang;Wang Man;Chen Maoyu;Fang Ling;Li Jiansen;Li Hui;Zhang Meng(Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 516500,Guangdong,China;Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518100,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510440,Guangdong,China;Zhuhai Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuhai 519060,Guangdong,China;Zhongshan Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhongshan 528405,Guangdong,China;Jiangmen Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangmen 529030,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州516500 [2]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518100 [3]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510440 [4]珠海市疾病预防控制中心,广东珠海519060 [5]中山市疾病预防控制中心,广东中山528405 [6]江门市疾病预防控制中心,广东江门529030

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第9期1205-1210,共6页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(No.C2021080)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省学校食品从业人员诺如病毒感染现况,为开展学校诺如病毒感染暴发疫情防控工作提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,按照分阶段目的抽样和方便抽样混合的抽样方法,分别于2019年春季开学前1周内、春季开学后第5~6周、秋季开学前1周内和秋季开学后第5~6周,采集广州、珠海、中山、江门4地市9所学校食品工作人员肛拭子样本,采用实时荧光聚合酶链式反应进行诺如病毒核酸检测,并通过logistic回归分析其感染影响因素。结果共采集1747份样本,监测地区学校食品从业人员诺如病毒总阳性率1.43%(n=25),急性胃肠炎总体罹患率1.26%(n=22);学校食品从业人员诺如病毒感染率在不同地区、不同学校类型、开学前后、不同工种间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);25名感染者中,无症状感染者占84.00%;学校食品从业人员诺如病毒感染的危险因素主要是参与村宴聚餐[比值比(OR)=8.36,95%置信区间(CI):2.27~30.89]和家中有既往感染者(OR=10.94,95%CI:2.92~40.96),患急性胃肠炎的危险因素主要是曾在饭馆酒楼等就餐(OR=4.88,95%CI:1.77~13.51)。结论学校食品从业人员诺如病毒感染率总体虽然较低,且多为隐性感染,但易通过污染食物和水等导致传播,引起学校诺如疫情暴发,因此应加强对此类人群诺如病毒感染监测,强化卫生管理和健康教育。Objective To investigate the infection status of norovirus in food practitioners in schools in Guangdong province,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus infection outbreaks in schools.Methods A crosssectional survey with convenient sampling method was conducted to collect the anal swabs of food practitioners in 9 schools within 1 week before the school open and 5–6 weeks after school open in spring and within 1 week before school open and 5–6 weeks after the school open in autumn in Guangzhou,Zhuhai,Zhongshan and Jiangmen,The norovirus nucleic acid was detected by real-time PCR,and the influencing factors of norovirus infection in food practitioners were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 1747 samples were collected.The positive rate of norovirus was 1.43%(n=25),and the attack rate of acute gastroenteritis was 1.26%(n=24).There was no differences in norovirus infection rate in food practitioners in different areas,in different types of schools,before and after school open,and with different types of work(P>0.05).Most infected persons(84.00%)were asymptomatic.The risk factors of norovirus infection were attending village banquet(OR=8.36,95%CI:2.27–30.89)and norovirus infection in family(OR=10.94,95%CI:2.92–40.96).The main risk factor of acute gastroenteritis was eating in restaurant(OR=4.88,95%CI:1.77–13.51).Conclusion The incidence of norovirus infection in food practitioners of schools is generally low,and most infections are asymptomatic,but food and water might be contaminated in food processing,resulting norovirus infection epidemics in schools.It is necessary to strengthen the norovirus infection surveillance,health management and health education in food practitioners in schools.

关 键 词：食品从业人员 诺如病毒 无症状感染 急性胃肠炎 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R183.3