视觉观点采择需要抑制控制的参与:一项负启动研究  

Inhibitory Control in Visual Perspective Taking:A Negative Priming Study

作　　者：吴文燕 李晓东[1] 陈爽 蔡梦婕 江荣焕 Wu Wenyan;Li Xiaodong;Chen Shuang;Cai Mengjie;Jiang Ronghuan(School of psychology,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学心理学院,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第4期856-862,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目(BBA170062)的资助。

摘　　要：从抑制控制模型出发,采用负启动范式考察视觉观点采择的认知机制。实验1采用自身体转换任务(N=35)、实验2采用圆点判断任务(N=33)分别考察成人在完成二级和一级视觉观点采择任务时是否需要抑制控制的参与。结果发现,成人在完成两类视觉观点采择任务时均出现了负启动效应,说明当他人观点和自我观点不一致时,个体需要抑制自我的观点才能成功采择他人的观点。Visual perspective taking is the ability to predict the visual experience of another agent.Visual perspective taking is considered to be an adaptive function for human beings because it plays a crucial role when we seek to understand and predict another person’s behavior,which would help us to interact with each other more effectively.Developmental psychologists have distinguished two kinds of visual perspective taking:level-1perspective taking refers to the ability to know whether another person can see a given object or not;Level-2 perspective taking refers to the ability to understand that other people may see the objects in a different way.Studies on level-2 perspective taking began with Piaget’s three mountain experiment,where they found that children on preoperational stage were egocentric.Moreover,even older children and adults showed strong egocentric bias.These studies indicate that level-2 visual perspective taking not only relies on taking other-perspective but also on inhibiting the interference from self-perspective.Recently,level-1 perspective taking has attracted a lot of attention of researchers;They found both children and adults were prone to make more errors and respond more slowly in other-perspective and self-perspective judgment when both perspectives were inconsistent than when they were consistent.However,the cognitive mechanism of visual perspective taking is still unclear.In the present study,we examined the role of inhibitory control in both level-2 and level-1visual perspective taking by using the negative priming(NP) paradigm from the point of view of Inhibitory Control Model.The rationale of NP is if one needs to inhibit self-perspective in taking other-perspective in the prime stage,then activation of the self-perspective in the subsequent probe stage will be impaired(revealed as a longer response time or a higher error rate).The present study included two experiments.Experiment 1 examined whether inhibitory control was needed in performing level-2 visual perspective taking.35 c

关 键 词：视觉观点采择 抑制控制 负启动 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]