质谱技术在职业卫生领域中的应用  

Application of mass spectrometry in occupational health

作　　者：刘蒙蒙 夏义平[1] 刘保峰[1] 曾强[1] LIU Meng-meng;XIA Yi-ping;LIU Bao-feng;ZENG Qiang(Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 30001l,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2022年第3期350-354,360,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：天津市卫生健康科技项目(ZC20084);天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目资助(2021)。

摘　　要：质谱技术具有灵敏度高、分辨率高和检出限低等优势,其在职业卫生领域广泛应用于现场快速检测和实验室精准检测工作场所空气、生物标志物监测、代谢组学和蛋白质组学等方面,具有传统技术手段不可替代的优势。质谱技术应用于工作场所职业病危害因素的现场快速检测和实验室精准检测可有效快速地确认评价分析的关键因素,但现有的研究大多局限于基础研究,在基层实验室的推广和应用较少。目前我国仅颁布了8项与质谱相关的职业卫生标准,实际推广应用不足。质谱技术应用于生物标志物、代谢物和蛋白质的高通量分析,可用来评价人体接触毒物的程度及可能的潜在健康影响,但现有的研究大多局限于实验室,对于可能的生物标志物缺乏进一步的确认。目前的质谱分析方法多与光谱法、色谱法联合使用,在毒物的原位快速分析方面存在一定的局限性,可尝试引入敞开式大气压离子源实现对样品的直接、在线和原位分析。Mass spectrometry technology has the advantages of high sensitivity,high resolution and low detection limit.It is widely used in the field of occupational health for rapid on-site detection and accurate laboratory detection of workplace air,biomarker monitoring,metabolomics and proteomics,and more.Mass spectrometry technique has irreplaceable advantages over traditional technical means.It is applied to the rapid detection of workplace occupational-disease-inductive factors and laboratory evaluation.Analysis on the accurate detection can effectively identified the key factors.However,the existing studies are mostly limited in basic research,with few in the promotion and application in laboratory.The current occupational health research has only eight national standards related to mass spectrometry.It is urgent to issue more national standards using mass spectrometry for poison detection.Mass spectrometry is applied to the high-throughput analysis of biomarkers,metabolites and proteins,which can be used to evaluate the extent of human exposure and possible potential health effects.However,the existing studies are mostly confined to the laboratory,and there is a lack of further confirmation of possible biomarkers.At the same time,the existing mass spectrometry analysis methods are mostly used in combination with spectral and chromatographic methods,which have some limitations in the rapid in-situ analysis of toxicants.Therefore,an open atmospheric pressure ion source can be introduced to achieve direct,on-line and in-situ analysis of samples.

关 键 词：质谱 职业卫生 工作场所 生物标志物 代谢组学 蛋白组学 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R13[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]