北京市家庭保健员慢性病相关知识与技能培训需求的现况调查  

Survey on the training needs of chronic diseases among family health care workers in Beijing

作　　者：王飞跃 王东瑞 张向东 魏云 宋霞 赵亚利 路孝琴 金光辉 Wang Feiyue;Wang Dongrui;Zhang Xiangdong;Wei Yun;Song Xia;Zhao Yali;Lu Xiaoqin;JinGuanghui(Department of General Practice,School of General Practice and Continuing Education,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Beijing Medical and Health Service Management Guidance Center,Beijing 100005,China;Department of General Practice,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100176,China;Department of General Practice,Wangjing Community Health Service Center of Chaoyang District,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学全科医学与继续教育学院,北京100069 [2]北京市医疗卫生服务管理指导中心,北京100005 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院全科医疗科,北京100176 [4]北京市朝阳区望京社区卫生服务中心全科,北京100102

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2022年第10期930-936,共7页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：北京市社区卫生管理中心委托项目。

摘　　要：目的了解社区卫生服务机构家庭保健员(简称家保员)慢性病相关知识与技能培训需求。方法于2018年9月25日至11月10日,通过分层随机抽样选取北京市城区、近郊区、远郊区共15家社区卫生服务中心的820名家保员为研究对象,采用自填问卷方式开展调查,问卷内容包括一般情况及慢性病相关知识与技能培训需求,培训需求包括:(1)家保员对于慢性病相关知识与技能的需求:期望了解的慢性病种类、慢性病基本专业知识(7个条目)、预防保健知识(7个条目)、护理与康复技能(9个条目);(2)培训安排相关需求:培训的时长、频率、方式、时间、地点。结果有效回答问卷的794名(96.8%)家保员期望了解的慢性病相关知识中,需求最高的为高血压(90.3%,717/794);慢性病基本专业知识中,需求最高的为疾病危险因素(65.5%,520/794);预防保健知识中,需求最高的为居家安全防护(87.3%,693/794);护理与康复技能中,需求最高的为测量血糖(83.1%,660/794)。女性较男性对慢性病基本专业知识的培训需求度更高(Z=2.51,P=0.012);不同性别(Z=2.72,P=0.007)、职业(H=15.02,P=0.001)、文化水平(H=12.01,P=0.002)的家保员对预防保健知识培训需求的差异有统计学意义;不同年龄(H=6.49,P=0.039)、职业(H=52.93,P<0.001)、文化水平(H=9.56,P=0.008)的家保员对护理与康复技能培训需求的差异有统计学意义。58.2%(462/794)的家保员希望课程时间为30~59 min/次;34.0%(270/794)的家保员希望每个月开展1次培训;53.1%(422/794)的家保员希望以大课堂的形式培训;39.2%(311/794)的家保员表示愿意在工作日参加培训;48.7%(387/794)的家保员希望在社区卫生服务机构培训。结论家保员的慢性病相关知识与技能培训需求存在多样性,应注重以需求为导向的培训实施,充分调动家保员参与培训的积极性,提升培训效果,发挥其在家庭健康管理中的积极作用。Objective:To survey the training needs for chronic diseases among family health care workers in Beijing.Methods:A questionnaire survey on training needs for chronic disease was conducted from September to November 2018 among 820 family health care workers from 15 community health service centers in Beijing selected by stratified random sampling.The questionnaire consisted of demographic information and training needs related to chronic diseases.The training needs included:the knowledge and skills related to chronic diseases:the types of chronic diseases expected to learn,the basic knowledge of chronic diseases(7 items),preventive health care knowledge(7 items),nursing and rehabilitation skills(9 items);the duration,frequency,method,time and location of training arrangement.Results:The survey showed that chronic disease that family health care workers most wanted to learn was hypertension(90.3%,717/794);among the basic knowledge of chronic diseases,the highest need was disease risk factor(65.5%,520/794);among the knowledge of preventive health care,the highest need was home safety protection(87.3%,693/794);among nursing and rehabilitation skills,the highest need was blood glucose measurement(83.1%,660/794).The female respondents had higher training need for basic knowledge of chronic diseases than males(Z=2.51,P=0.012).There were significant differences in the needs for preventive health care knowledge among respondents of different gender(Z=2.72,P=0.007),occupation(H=15.02,P=0.001)and educational level(H=12.01,P=0.002).Respondents with different age(H=6.49,P=0.039),occupation(H=52.93,P<0.001)and educational level(H=9.56,P=0.008) had different needs for nursing and rehabilitation skills.Among the respondents,58.2%(462/794)indicated that duration of each course should be 30-59 min,34.0%(270/794)wanted to participate in the training once a month,53.1%(422/794)wanted to participate in the training in the form of large class,39.2%(311/794)were willing to participate in the training on working days and 48.7%(387/794)wa

关 键 词：慢性病 家庭保健员 培训 需求 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] C975[经济管理—劳动经济]