基于转纽扣玩具的大学物理实验原理与教学设计  

Principle and Teaching Design of a College Physics Experiment Based on the Classical Rotating Button Toys

作　　者：刘伟龙[1] 赵海发[1] 张盛[1] 李俊庆[1] 黄丽 张宇[1] LIU Weilong;ZHAO Haifa;ZHANG Sheng;LI Junqing;HUANG Li;ZHANG Yu(School of Physics,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Applied Rhysics Education(Harbin Institute of Technology),Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学物理学院应用物理专业国家级实验教学示范中心(哈尔滨工业大学),哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2022年第9期213-217,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：教育部高等学校大学物理课程教学指导委员会高等学校教学研究项目(DJZW201901db);黑龙江省教育厅规划课题(GJC1319025);黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目(SJGY20200210);哈尔滨工业大学自制实验教学设备研究项目(ZZSB-2019-30)。

摘　　要：针对疫情期间居家开展大学物理实验教学,设计了基于传统转纽扣玩具的大学物理实验项目。利用光盘、纸壳、细线、磁铁等材料自制实验装置,用智能手机采集数据,采用磁学方法、结合短时傅里叶变换频谱分析手段测出转盘的实时转速。该实验还可以探索离心力和颜色组合等问题,提高了学生理论联系实际的能力。介绍了该实验项目的原理,并进行了实验内容与要求方面的教学设计。该实验项目对学生动手能力和数据分析能力都提出了新的要求,为探索实验室内外混合式物理实验教学新模式提供了参考案例。An interesting experiment is designed based on the classical“rotating button”toy for the college physics experiment course.The experiment system is built by CD(or cardboard),string and a piece of magnet,and the data are acquired by smartphone.The real-time rotational speed of the rotating disc is obtained by short time Fourier transform(STFT)analysis.The centrifugal force and color combination issues are also discussed in this experiment.These works are helpful for improving the analysis ability and practical skills of students.The principle,contents and teaching design of this new experiment are reported in the paper.This experiment is designed for online course.It puts forward more requirements for practical and data analysis abilities,and provides a new case for the mixed physics experiment teaching mode of inside and outside the laboratory.

关 键 词：转纽扣玩具 短时傅里叶变换 教学设计 居家物理实验 混合式物理实验教学 

分 类 号：G642.4[文化科学—高等教育学]