成体海马神经发生在癫痫及其共患病中的作用  

The role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in epilepsy and comorbidities

作　　者：徐莹薇 陈立颖[1] 汪仪 陈忠[1,2] XU YingWei;CHEN LiYing;WANG Yi;CHEN Zhong(Institute of Pharmacology&Toxicology,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China;Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province,College of Pharmaceutical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学药学院,药理与毒理研究所,杭州310000 [2]浙江中医药大学药学院,浙江省神经药理学与转化研究重点实验室,杭州310000

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第10期1459-1471,共13页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81630098);国家优秀青年基金(批准号:82022071)资助。

摘　　要：癫痫是一种临床常见的以反复性发作为主要特征的慢性脑病,且50%以上的成人癫痫患者存在至少一种的共患病,如焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍、认知障碍等.目前,临床癫痫最主要的治疗方式为使用抗癫痫药物控制发作症状,但治疗预后不佳,存在以下共性问题:患难治性癫痫比例高、副作用大、对症而非对因治疗、无法控制癫痫共患病等.因此,亟需深入解析癫痫发病的精准机制,寻找有效抗癫痫的治疗方式.近年来的研究结果表明,成体海马神经发生可能参与癫痫的形成,两者之间可能存在密切的联系.一方面,癫痫会引起成体海马神经发生的新生水平的异常改变,包括数量、形态和功能成熟与整合;另一方面,多种手段调节成体海马神经发生水平可以对癫痫产生不同的作用.此外,成体海马神经发生还与学习记忆障碍、焦虑、抑郁等常见癫痫共患病密切相关,提示其治疗癫痫共患病的可能性.本文对近年来癫痫中成体海马神经发生的异常改变及其在癫痫中的作用研究进行综述,深入探讨了成体海马神经发生与癫痫之间的关系及其对癫痫共患病的影响,为癫痫的机制研究和治疗策略研发提供新的思路和角度.Epilepsy is a clinically common chronic brain disorder, characterized by recurrent seizures. More than 50% patients with epilepsy suffered from depression, anxiety, migraine, or sleep disturbances. Anti-epileptic drugs are the first-choice treatment to control seizures in clinical practice but with some problems, e.g., high ratio of intractable epilepsy, serious side effects, little effect on epileptogenesis and the comorbidities of epilepsy. Thus, progress towards understanding the mechanisms of epileptogenesis is critical for developing better therapies to prevent epilepsy. Cumulative evidence indicates that the adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be involved in epileptogenesis, because pathological changes of adult hippocampal neurogenesis occur in epileptic brain, and the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis affects epilepsy. Meanwhile, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is also implicated in cognitive deficits, depression, anxiety and other comorbidities of epilepsy, suggesting the significance of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in treating epilepsy and its comorbidities. In this article, we reviewed the pathological changes of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the epileptic brain, the functional relevance of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in epileptogenesis through different interventions, and the potential association between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and comorbidities of epilepsy. It provides perspectives for the future research on mechanisms and treatment strategies of epilepsy.

关 键 词：癫痫 成体海马神经发生 癫痫共患病 治疗靶点 

分 类 号：R742.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]