功能化石墨烯改性聚氨酯材料的制备及电致应变性能  

Preparation and actuated strain properties of functionalized graphene modified polyurethane materials

作　　者：任彩娟 白志青 刘晓静 时香凝 鲁文静 郭建生[1] 庄勤亮[1] REN Caijuan;BAI Zhiqing;LIU Xiaojing;SHI Xiangning;LU Wenjing;GUO Jiansheng;ZHUANG Qinliang(College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期21-28,35,共9页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12075054);中央高校基本科研资金项目(2232019A3-12)。

摘　　要：为降低介电弹性体驱动器的驱动高压并获得大的电致应变,将超支化聚芳酰胺以共价键的形式接枝在氧化石墨烯表面,并将改性后的功能化石墨烯作为导电填料掺杂到聚氨酯介电弹性体中,以增加聚氨酯复合材料在低电场下的电致应变。制得的聚氨酯复合材料的介电性能以及力学性能都有一定提高,其中导电填料质量分数为3%时复合材料的介电常数、拉伸强度、弹性模量较纯聚氨酯依次提高了7.80倍、38%和1.04倍。该复合材料还表现出优异的电致应变性能,电场强度为22.8 kV/mm时,最大电致应变量可达16.29%,远高于同电场下纯聚氨酯的电致应变(~1%)。Hyper branched polyacrylamides were grafted onto the graphene oxide surface in the form of covalent bonds to reduce the high driving voltage of the dielectric elastomer driver and to obtain large actuated strain. The modified functionalized graphene was doped into polyurethane dielectric elastomers as conductive fillers to increase the actuated strain of polyurethane composites under low electric fields. The obtained polyurethane composites show improved dielectric properties as well as mechanical properties, in which the dielectric constant, tensile strength and elastic modulus of the composites at 3% conductive filler mass fraction are increased by 7.80 times, 38% and 1.04 times, respectively, compared with those of the pure polyurethane. The composites also exhibit excellent actuated strain properties, with a maximum actuated strain of 16.29% at an electric field strength of 22.8 kV/mm, which is much higher than that of pure polyurethane(~1%) at the same electric field.

关 键 词：介电弹性体 功能化石墨烯 聚氨酯 电致应变 介电常数 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]