从象征资本到公共价值:大学评价的理念重申与治理改进  

From Symbolic Capital to Public Value:Idea Reaffirmation and Governance Improvement of University Evaluation

作　　者：李海龙[1] LI Hai-long(School of Educational Science,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学教育科学学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（教育科学版）》2022年第4期57-66,共10页Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度国家一般课题“现代职业教育体系政策绩效评估研究”(项目编号:BGA190047)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：评价已经成为组织获得价值合法性的源泉。从功能上看,大学评价作为价值塑造工具与治理手段同时存在,其象征意义超越了对组织行动的引导作用。实践中,通过对精英主义符号的生产,各类量化评价工具的流行引发了诸多“意外后果”,增强了高等教育系统内部的等级序列,部分大学又以超量的“象征性资本”进而占有更大资源。从结果上看,评价不仅可以为大学“镀金”,而且可以实现“吸金”的效果。量化评价机制的流行与大学治理在主体上的互斥带来的是高等教育的价值撕裂。只有明确评价机制的主体与供给方式,才能真正使评价引导大学实现良性发展。In modern society,the popularity of evaluation has become a source of legitimacy for organizations.From a functional point of view,university evaluation exists at the same time as a value-shaping tool and a governance tool.The pursuit of evaluation results also makes the symbolic significance of university evaluations exceed the guiding role of organizational actions.For the government,the accountability and goal control effects brought about by the evaluation mechanism have attracted more attention.But in practice,through the production of elitism symbols,the evaluation mechanism has strengthened the hierarchy within the higher education system.Using the evaluation results,some universities can occupy more resources with excess “symbolic capital”.The mutual exclusion of university evaluation and modern university governance has brought about the value tearing of higher education activities.Only by reintegrating the main body of university evaluation and governance and clarifying the supply mode of the evaluation mechanism can universities be truly guided to be embedded in the system of social and economic development.

关 键 词：大学评价 象征意义 大学治理 治理改进 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]