现代的悖论与神话的启蒙——布鲁门伯格的神话理论及其政治蕴涵  

The Paradox of Modernity and the Enlightenment through Myth:Hans Blumenberg’s Theory of Myth and Its Political Implications

作　　者：胡继华[1] 单羽 Hu Jihua;Shan Yu(the Institute for Transcultural Researches at Beijing International Studies University;Beijing International Studies University;Social Sciences Academic Press)

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院文化与传播学院 [2]北京第二外国语学院 [3]社会科学文献出版社

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2022年第5期1-12,共12页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

摘　　要：汉斯·布鲁门伯格聚焦于现代性的悖论:神话不会为理性所超越,但又必须辩护启蒙及其所开启的现代之合法性。他的神话研究可以被视为另类的批判理论,或者说展开了批判理论的另一种面相。启蒙与神话二极相通,与其说是启蒙将自己变成了神话,不如说是神话借着启蒙来伸张自己,或主体性在没落时分以神话来自我伸张。以启蒙辩证法为基础的现代政治神话学说续接了古典人文主义传统,但赋予了神话批判的功能。理解神话的关键在于,在任何特定时刻,多元神话必须同时运作,任何一则神话都不能凌驾于其他神话之上。基于这一观念,布鲁门伯格以多神论神话审美主义的方式来解读歌德的奇异箴言——“除了神自己以外,谁也不能抗神”,暗示一场新启蒙,呼唤一种新希望哲学。Focusing on the paradox of modernity,Hans Blumenberg suggests that myth will not be transcended by reason,but he must defend the Enlightenment and the legitimacy of the modern it initiates.His studies of myth can be read as an alternative critical theory,or the disclosure of a heterogeneous aspect of critical theory.Enlightenment and myth are dichotomously connected,not so much in the sense that Enlightenment turns itself into myth,but in the sense that myth asserts itself through Enlightenment,or that subjectivity asserts itself through myth when it is in decline.The modern doctrine of political myth based on the dialectics of Enlightenment is a continuation of the classical humanist tradition,but gives myth a critical function.The key to understanding myth is that at any given moment,multiple myths must operate simultaneously,and that no one myth can override the others.Based on this notion,Blumenberg reads Goethe’s singular aphorism—“Nemo contra deum nisi deus ipse”(no one can resist God but God himself)—in terms of a polytheistic aestheticism of new mythology,suggesting a new Enlightenment and calling for a new philosophy of hope.

关 键 词：汉斯·布鲁门伯格 现代的悖论 新神话 自我伸张 多神教审美主义 

分 类 号：I057[文学—文学理论]