化学平衡的近似计算  

Approximate Calculation of Chemical Equilibrium

作　　者：游丹 蔡殿红 程清蓉 Dan You;Dianhong Cai;Qingrong Cheng(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Mathematics,Jilin School of Light Industry,Jilin 132000,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化学与环境工程学院,武汉430205 [2]吉林轻工业学校数学学院,吉林吉林132000

出　　处：《大学化学》2022年第11期200-206,共7页University Chemistry

摘　　要：水溶液中化学平衡的计算涉及解一元高次方程,在数学上是非常麻烦的事。用起始浓度替代平衡浓度进行近似计算,引起的误差极大。本文阐述了逐步逼近法在水溶液化学平衡计算中的应用条件,预测逼近次数,并提出平衡计算的步骤。最终不利用计算机也能通过几次简单计算使结果准确度达到要求,并通过预测逼近次数减少盲目性。The calculation of chemical equilibrium in aqueous solution involves solving unary quadratic or multiple equations,which is troublesome.The initial concentration is used to substitute the equilibrium concentration for approximate calculation,however,sometimes,the error is large.In this article,the application conditions of the method of progressive approximation in the calculation of chemical equilibrium of aqueous solution are described,the number of approximations is predicted,and the steps of chemical equilibrium calculation in aqueous solution are put forward.This enables the calculation of chemical equilibrium in aqueous solution,especially in the case of unitary higher-order equations,to achieve the desired accuracy through some simple calculations without using computers,and reduce blindness by predicting approximation times.

关 键 词：化学平衡计算 逐步逼近法 近似计算 误差 预测逼近次数 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]