马赛克知识:环境戏剧理论视域下的维基百科全书——基于“老子”英文条目的探讨  

Mosaic knowledge:Wikipedia from the perspective of environmental drama theory——Taking the English“Lao Tzu”entry as an example

作　　者：甘莅豪[1] 王豪 Gan Lihao;Wang Hao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学传播学院,上海200241

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2022年第11期67-78,191,共13页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重大课题“网络空间社会治理语言问题研究”(项目编号:20&ZD299)阶段性成果;华东师范大学青年跨学科创新团队“国家安全视域下的百科术语研究”、华东师范大学“幸福之花”先导基金“老子思想域外传播与接受研究”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着互联网开源社区出现,人类知识生产群体开始从精英阶层扩散到普罗大众,进而导致人类百科全书的知识形态和知识生产模式皆发生了重大变化。本文首先选取英文维基百科“老子”条目的正文文本进行分析,发现维基百科全书知识呈现出“马赛克”形态特征,接着以“戏剧行为”作为理论核心,借鉴谢克纳的“环境戏剧理论”观照维基百科“老子”条目趣缘群体的蜂群式知识生产过程,逐条分析“维基人”群体编纂行为中的空间利用、角色定位、剧团组建和话语权分配等问题,进一步揭示了马赛克知识形成的内在机理。从历史来源考察,马赛克知识生产的赛博文化和谢克纳的环境戏剧理论具有相同的精神内核,它们都发源于美国20世纪60年代信奉透明、诚信和共享价值观的反主流文化运动和新公社运动。With the emergence of Internet open source community,human knowledge production groups began to spread from the elite to the general public,which led to significant changes in the knowledge form and knowledge production mode of human encyclopedias. This paper first analyzes the text of the “Lao Tzu”entry in English Wikipedia,and finds that the knowledge of Wikipedia is a mosaic. Then,taking “dramatic behavior” as the theoretical core,and drawing on Shaykner’s “environmental drama theory” to observe the bee like knowledge production process of the interesting group of Wikipedia’s “Lao Tzu” entries,the paper analyzes the space utilization,role positioning,drama group formation and discourse power distribution in the compilation behavior of the “wiki people” group one by one,and further reveals the internal mechanism of the formation of mosaic knowledge. From the perspective of historical sources,the Cyber culture of mosaic knowledge production and Scheckner’s environmental drama theory have the same spiritual core. They both originated from the counter mainstream cultural movement and the new commune movement in the 1960s in the United States,which believed in transparency,integrity and shared values.

关 键 词：马赛克知识 环境戏剧理论 维基百科 老子 蜂群式生产 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]