基于CALPUFF模型的毒害性气体泄漏事故三维动态模拟方法——以开县井喷事故为例  

Three Dimensional Dynamic Simulation Method of Toxic Gas Leakage Accident Based on CALPUFF Model:A Case Study of Kaixian Blowout Accident

作　　者：张溶倩 李梅[1] 杨冬偶 刘晖[1] ZHANG Rongqian;LI Mei;YANG Dong’ou;LIU Hui(Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期1042-1054,共13页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52104158)资助。

摘　　要：针对目前基于大气扩散模型开发的应急管理GIS系统中存在的时空分辨率低、未考虑三维地形等问题,提出一套基于CALPUFF模型的三维气体扩散模拟方法。经过多层计算,获得气体扩散浓度的三维时空分布数据。通过Marching Cubes可视化技术读取并显示,可以实现三维空间的气体动态扩散效果。以“12·23”开县特大井喷事故为案例进行模拟,并开展二、三维对比以及模拟数据与实际情况对比分析。结果表明,CALPUFF模型三维计算得到的气体浓度在量级和空间分布上具有较高的精确性,三维时空动态模拟具有较高的时空分辨率和重建效率,可以达到较好的可视化效果,能够更好地表达气体泄漏过程和扩散规律,为应急管理提供重要的辅助手段。Aiming at the problems in the current emergency management GIS systems integrated with atmospheric dispersion models,such as low spatio-temporal resolution and without 3D terrain,a set of three-dimensional gas diffusion simulation methods was proposed based on the CALPUFF model.The three-dimensional spatio-temporal distribution data of the gas diffusion concentration was obtained through multi-layer calculations,and the Marching Cubes visualization technology was used to read and display the data,achieving the dynamic gas diffusion effect in three-dimensional space.“12·23”Kaixian blowout accident was used as a case study and the simulation was carried out to compare with the actual situation in two and three dimensions.The results show that the three-dimensional calculation based on CALPUFF model has higher accuracy of the magnitude and spatial distribution of gas concentration,and the three dimensional spatio-temporal dynamic simulation has high resolution and reconstruction efficiency,achieving a good visual effect.It can better express the gas leakage process and diffusion pattern and provide an important auxiliary decision-making means for emergency management.

关 键 词：CALPUFF模型 毒害性气体泄漏 三维计算 三维可视化 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TE28[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]