我国人工智能人才队伍建设:现状、瓶颈及若干建议——基于中美两国的比较分析  

Construction of Artificial Intelligence Talent Team in China:Present Situation,Bottleneck and Some Suggestions——Based on the Comparison Analysis between China and the United States

作　　者：童嘉 邓勇新 李拓宇[2] Tong Jia;Deng Yongxin;Li Tuoyu(Institute of Technology Transfer,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 31000,China;College of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学工业技术转化研究院,浙江杭州31000 [2]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《创新科技》2022年第11期84-92,共9页Innovation science and technology

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“面向高科技产业亟需的我国工程专业学位教育模式研究”(22NDJC047YB);国家自然科学基金项目“集群情境下,企业知识资产治理合法性机制与制度安排”(72004196)。

摘　　要：人才队伍是把握人工智能战略发展历史机遇的关键,目前中国人工智能产业仍存在产业基础层人才储备薄弱、领军人才结构失衡、技术人才供给不足等问题,严重制约了人工智能产业的发展。从战略政策、创新产出、人才队伍等方面比较分析了中美两国在人工智能领域的布局和现状,着重分析了中国在人工智能人才队伍的顶层设计、学科建设、人才培养体系、社会力量参与机制等方面的不足。就加强中国人工智能人才队伍建设,提出了加强顶层设计,强化战略谋划;优化学科布局,强化学科群建设;鼓励社会参与,构建融合育人生态;坚持产教融合,促进成果转化等举措,以期加快推进中国人工智能领域人才队伍的高质量发展。Technological innovation guided by the technology of artificial intelligence(AI)has spawned a concentrated spiral development of advanced technology in many fields,and it is also a key area for countries to compete for national strategic layout in science and technology.The key to developing the AI industry lies in cultivating and attracting AI professionals.Although recent years have witnessed rapid progress in China's AI industry,there have been limited breakthroughs in areas such as fundamental theories,original algorithms and high-end chips.The challenges posed by the Western policy of"containment of advanced technology"has not been effectively dealt with,which is rooted in the fact that the current supply of singledisciplinary talents cannot meet the huge development needs of the AI industry.General Secretary Xi Jinping has attached great importance to the development of China's new generation of AI technology and the construction of talent teams.On several important occasions,he has stressed that it is necessary to cultivate a group of experts and high-level innovation teams,improve the talent training system,and accelerate the building of the world's important talent centers and innovation high-ground.China and the United States are in the world's"first echelon"in the industrial layout of AI technology.Xi also points out that there is a noticeable gap to bridge in the focus of policies,output and transformation of innovation,and training and reserve of AI talents.This study combines qualitative and quantitative research,and adopts data analysis,patent technology network analysis,policy text analysis and other methods.The study focuses on collecting and categorizing data in AI industry date,scientific and technological human resources data and related policy texts from China and the United States.In a comprehensive way,the paper compares and analyzes the development status of talent teams in China and the United States and concludes that the main constraints to the development of China's AI talent teams are

关 键 词：人工智能 人才培养 队伍建设 

分 类 号：C964.2[经济管理—人力资源管理] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]