粉体料仓设计及卸料特性综述  

Powder silo design and discharge characteristics:a review

作　　者：吴震 王利强 徐立敏 高伟俊 WU Zhen;WANG Liqiang;XU Limin;GAO Weijun(l.College of Mechanical Engineering,,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Jiangsu Innovative Packaging Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou 225600,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学机械工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [2]江南大学江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室,江苏无锡214122 [3]江苏创新包装科技有限公司,江苏扬州225600

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2023年第1期19-30,共12页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目,编号:JUSRP21115;江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室自主资助基金项目,编号:FMZ201902。

摘　　要：综述粉体料仓的设计要素,包括料仓的流型、大小与形状、材料,并基于Jenike理论对整体流料仓的设计进行分析。总结重力卸料、振动卸料、气力卸料、机械搅动卸料等粉体料仓卸料特性,以及重力卸料的卸料流率、仓内压力特点和仓内改流体对重力卸料的影响等。提出料仓设计中料仓的流型是重点考虑的因素,整体流可作为设计时的首选流型。认为仓内改流体是一种常用的改善粉体流动的结构,具有广泛的应用前景,可用于改善粉体在料仓的流动环境及流动区域,增大粉体的流动速率以及降低卸料时的过载压力;振动卸料、气力卸料、机械搅动卸料是常见的料仓外力助流装置,选择合适的助流方式时应综合考虑工况要求、经济性、安全性等因素;复杂料仓颗粒运动的研究将会成为未来工程界主要的热点与难点。The design elements of powder silo were reviewed,including flow pattern,size and shape,and material.The design of integral flow silo was analyzed based on Jenike theory.The discharge characteristics of powder hopper such as gravity discharge,vibration discharge,pneumatic discharge and mechanical agitation discharge,as well as the discharge flow rate and pressure in hopper of gravity discharge and influence of fluid modification in hopper were summarized.It is proposed that the flow pattern of the silo is the primary consideration in the design of the silo,and the overall flow can be the first choice for the designer.It is considered that changing the fluid in the hopper is a commonly used structure to improve the powder flow and has a wide application prospect.It can be used to improve the flow environment and flow area of the powder in the hopper,increase the flow rate of the powder and reduce the overload pressure during discharge.Vibration unloading,pneumatic unloading and mechanical stirring unloading are common external flow-supporting devices in silos.The appropriate flow-supporting methods should be selected considering the requirements of working conditions,economy,safety and other factors.The study of particle motion in complex silos will become the main hotspot and difficulty in the future engineering field.

关 键 词：料仓设计 卸料流率 压力分布 改流体 助流方式 

分 类 号：TS04[轻工技术与工程]