论胡煦的太极观及其影响  

On Hu Xu’s View of Taiji and the Influence

作　　者：辛敬 XIN Jing

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《周易研究》2022年第4期32-41,共10页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：胡煦对宋代以来流传的先天图进行了修改,把黑白连画的先天圆图当做伏羲最初所画的先天图。在此基础上,他用一种“回溯”的方法对“太极”进行了重新诠释,让人在现象界的阴阳流行之中逆觉体证本体“太极”,由此构建了心性论与工夫论。这种太极观对朱熹以“理气”为主导的太极观有解构作用,消解了朱子学中先验的理世界与现象的气世界的严格分限。这种解构成为了清代乾嘉易学思想发展的逻辑起点。乾嘉易学不断将“太极”拉回现实领域,在一种王道政治的视域下谈论太极以及易学,不再强调个人与太极之间的感通联系,逐步走向了胡煦易学的对立面。Hu Xu(1655-1736) modified the Former Heaven diagram which was handed down from the Song dynasty(960-1279) and used the circle diagram drawn in black and white as the Former Heaven diagram originally drawn by Fu Xi. On this basis, Hu Xu reinterpreted Taiji(Supreme Ultimate) through a “retrospective” method. Through inversely perceiving the conceptual body of Taiji in the flow of yin and yang in the phenomenal world, Hu Xu constructed his own theory of heart-mind and cultivation. This view of Taiji deconstructed Zhu Xi’s view of Taiji based on li(principle) and qi(material force) and dispelled the strict division between the transcendental “world of li” and the phenomenal “world of qi” in Zhu Xi’s scholarship. This deconstruction becomes the logical starting point for the development of Changes scholarship in the Qianjia period(1736-1821), when Taiji was constantly pulled back to reality;Taiji and the Changes were discussed from the perspective of Wang dao(sagely Way) and politics;thus the emotional connection between individual and Taiji was no longer emphasized and the scholarship in this period gradually moved towards the opposite of Hu Xu’s scholarship on the Changes.

关 键 词：胡煦 太极 先天学 清代易学 

分 类 号：B249.9[哲学宗教—中国哲学]