长江龟-蛇卡口江段的矶头分布及对城市建设的影响  

Distribution of Rock Spurs in Guishan-Sheshan Mountains and Its Influence for Urban Construction of Wuhan

作　　者：李长安[1] 徐望生 张玉芬[2] 贾明明 LI Chang-an;XU Wang-sheng;ZHANG Yu-fen;JIA Ming-ming(School of Geography and Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第8期1787-1796,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871019;41672355);武汉市多要素城市地质调查示范项目(WHDYS-2018-007)。

摘　　要：“矶”对于长江中下游河道的形态、洲滩的发育、岸线的稳定等具有重要的控制作用,并直接影响到长江的防洪、航运、岸线利用等经济和社会活动。位于长江武汉段的龟-蛇卡口是长江中下游最为重要的河道卡口,关于该卡口内的岸矶,前人提到的多,做专门研究的少。通过大量历史文献的收集与分析,结合实地调查,对龟-蛇卡口内矶头的分布、组成及对武汉早期城市的影响进行了分析。研究发现,除了人们常常提到的黄鹄矶和禹功矶之外,还有两个重要的矶——红石矶和张王矶。这些矶头的存在决定了龟-蛇卡口的地貌形态,并对长江武汉段河道特征具有重要影响。从载有四矶的历史文献类型来看,黄鹄矶和禹功矶更多地出现于人文社科类文献;而红石矶和张王矶则仅见于防洪、城建和水利工程等方面,表明他们的实际意义的不同。四矶的存在对汉阳城、武昌城的城垣的规划和建设具有支撑作用,同时是所在江段沿江堤防建设的基点。此外,四矶还具有重要的军事意义、景观意义和城市文化价值。The rock spurs, is important for controlling the river geomorphology, the development of the shoal and the stability of the shoreline in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and directly influences the economic and social activities about flood control, navigation and shoreline utilization. Previous studies have been mentioned rock spurs in Wuhan, whereas rarely present careful and comprehensive research. In this paper, based on the collection and analysis of a large number of historical documents, combined with field investigation, this study analyzed the distribution and composition of rock spurs and its influence on the early city development of Wuhan. We found that two important rock spurs, Hongshiji and Zhangwangji rock spurs besides Huanghuji and Yugongji rock spurs where mentioned frequently by local people. The geomorphology of river block in Guishan-Sheshan mountains decided by these rock spurs in Wuhan section, and also has an important effect on the channel characteristics of Yangtze River. Various rock spurs yield different effects for city development, the Hongshiji and Zhangwangji rock spurs were found in flood control, urban construction and water conservancy projects, Huanghuji and Yugongji rock spurs are more commonly found in literature of humanities and social sciences. There are play a supporting role in the planning and construction of the city walls of Hanyang and Wuchang cities, and are base points of the embankment construction along the Yangtze River. Furthermore, it contains military, landscape significance and city cultural value.

关 键 词：长江武汉段 龟-蛇卡口 张王矶 红石矶 城市建设 

分 类 号：K901.1[历史地理—人文地理学] P931.1[天文地球—自然地理学]