身份政治与美欧社会的分裂:福山身份政治理论的解读与反思  

Identity Politics Leads to Social Split in the United States and EU:Review and Reflection of Fukuyama’s Theory of Identity Politics

作　　者：黄鹏 HUANG Peng

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学马克思主义学院,266100

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2022年第10期66-75,共10页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“美国白人劳工阶级崛起的机理、动因与影响研究”(20YJCZH048)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近十年来,民粹民族主义在世界各地抬头,全球化进程遭遇较大波折。对于这些现象,各界有着不同的解读。知名学者福山从身份政治的角度,对此提出了颇具启发意义的分析框架。在福山看来,身份政治哲思绵长,并与民主政治相伴发展,但身份政治近年来的过度发展导致社会出现分裂,损害了美国和欧洲的民主政治。与其他身份政治的理论论述相比,福山以尊严为基础构建的分析框架有其独特之处,对身份政治现象交互影响的认知颇具洞察力,但同时也具有相当的折中主义色彩;从学术脉络角度来看,福山的身份政治理论补充和完善了其个人先前的理论体系。该理论在逻辑与事实上虽有不足之处,但仍有着一定的创新和启发意义。In the past decade,the rise of populist nationalism in various parts of the world has brought significant setbacks in the process of globalization.There are different interpretations of these phenomena.The famous scholar Francis Fukuyama offers an illuminating framework from the perspective of identity politics.According to Fukuyama,identity politics was a long-standing political thought and developed with democratic process.In recent years,however,the unreasonable development of identity politics has led to fragmented societies,which has damaged democracy in the United States and Europe.Compared with other theories of identity politics,Fukuyama’s theory shows its unique analytical framework with insightful perception of the interplay of such cases.Meanwhile,a slight of eclecticism is manifested in the theory.From the perspective of academic context,Fukuyama’s theory of identity politics complements and improves his previous theoretical system.With some shortcomings in logic and fact,the theory still has some innovative and enlightening significance.

关 键 词：福山 尊严 身份政治 美欧社会 民主危机 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]