代际教育流动性的变化趋势  

The Changing Trend of Intergenerational Educational Mobility

作　　者：杨娟[1] 赵心慧 YANG Juan;ZHAO Xinhui(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2022年第4期36-49,共14页China Economic Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71973012);北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目(19JDJYA003)。

摘　　要：本文基于中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)2002—2018年的四轮调查数据,运用代际回归系数、相关系数、转换矩阵等方式探讨了代际教育流动性的变化趋势。研究表明:近二十年来代际教育流动性呈下降趋势;教育的向下流动率逐年减小,向上流动率则有所提高。本文进一步对教育流动性趋势进行了分解,发现整体父亲受教育年限的提升扩大了子代教育的差距。2002—2018年,低层次教育群体的代际流动性上升,高层次教育群体的代际流动性下降,即,高教育群体呈现代际固化的现象。分样本回归的结果显示,女性、城镇、西部、年轻出生组的代际教育流动性更低。Based on the data of four rounds of the Chinese Household Income Project Survey(CHIP)from 2002 to 2018, this paper explores the changing trend of intergenerational educational mobility utilizing intergenerational regression coefficient, correlation coefficient, and transfer matrix. It is found that the intergenerational mobility of education has been decreasing in the past two decades. The downward mobility of education decreased year by year, while the upward mobility increased. Further applying the decomposition method to explain the trend of educational mobility, it is found that in 2018, due to the improvement of father’s years of education, the gap of children education between 2018 and other years has been widened, which is the leading cause of educational inequality. From 2002 to 2018, the intergenerational mobility of the low-level education group increases, and the intergenerational mobility of the high-level education group decreases;the high education group presents the phenomenon of intergenerational solidification. The results of sample regression show that the intergenerational transmission was higher in female, urban, western and young birth groups.

关 键 词：代际流动性 受教育年限 转换矩阵 分解 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济] G521[文化科学—教育学]